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Plant Taxonomy

Plant Taxonomy. Horticulture Unit 2. Objective. To differentiate between scientific and common plant names and explain the binomial system of naming plants. Introduction*.

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Plant Taxonomy

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  1. Plant Taxonomy Horticulture Unit 2

  2. Objective • To differentiate between scientific and common plant names and explain the binomial system of naming plants.

  3. Introduction* • Most plants have more than one common name however they can be confusing because two totally different plants may have the same common name. • For this reason it is import to know both the proper and the common name of plants • For example the Red Maple is also know as the Swamp Maple and Scarlet Maple depending on the area you are in.

  4. The Binomial System of Naming Plants • Developed by Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus • Gave all plants two Latin names as their scientific name • First name is the generic name, group name of GENUS • Plants with the same generic name belong to the same genus and have similar characteristics and are more closely related • Second name is the specific name or SPECIES • Plants with the same specific name belong to the same species. These plants have the same characteristics and will consistently produce plants of the same type. • Universal name of plants

  5. Varieties • Subdivision of species • Resemble another variety but have one or two different characteristics that are consistent and inherited • Example: Peach Tree is Prunuspersicaand the nectarine is Prunuspersicavar. nucipersica

  6. Cultivars • Another subdivision • Cultivar means “cultivated variety” • Example: Two cultivars of Acer rubrum(red maple) are ‘Red Sunset’ and ‘Autumn Flame’ Autumn Flame Red Sunset

  7. Genus Name • Noun • Often are the names of botanists • Common Generic names • Acer (maple) • Chrysanthemum (mum) • Dianthus (pink) • Hibiscus (mallow) • Mimulus (monkey flower) • Pinus (Pine)

  8. Species Name • Adjective • Often gives important information about the plant such as color, if the plant is creeping or erect, size or geographic location where the plant occurs naturally

  9. Plant Families • Major units of related genera with similar flower structure • Example: The rose family Rosaceae consists of several genera- Prunus (plum), Fragaria(strawberry), Rubus (bramble) and Malus (apple) • Each have simple flowers with seperated petals • Largest plant family is the Asteraceae (Aster) family

  10. Plant Families Apple Plum Strawberry Bramble

  11. Expressing Scientific Names Taxonomy Chart: Hierarch of Specification • Kingdom—Plant • Division or Phylum– Spermatophyta (seed plants) • Class—Angiospermae (seeds in fruit) • Order- Acerales • Family--Aceraceae • Genus--Acer • Species—rubrum • Variety or cultivar– var. ‘October Glory’

  12. The Taxonomist • Scientist who identify and classify plants • Identify and classify plants in a hierarch of specification • Must follow a national set of rules known as the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature

  13. Assignment • Complete the self evaluation Multiple Choice and Matching • Due Wednesday August 21 end of period

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