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Culturally Responsive RTI Strategies. NH culture & values. Evidence based strategies. University of Hawaii Manoa Center on Disability Studies Pac Rim 2009 Kiriko Takahashi Kati Corlew rti.cds@gmail.com. Culturally Responsive RTI. Background of the Study.
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Culturally Responsive RTI Strategies NH culture & values Evidence based strategies University of Hawaii Manoa Center on Disability Studies Pac Rim 2009 Kiriko Takahashi Kati Corlew rti.cds@gmail.com Culturally Responsive RTI
Background of the Study Status of NH students in Hawaii Schools • Overrepresentation in SPED • Western and Non-Western incongruence • Language issue
Overrepresentation • In 2005, 43% of children receiving special education services in Hawai‘i were Native Hawaiian. • In Hawai‘i alternative schools, more than half the student in SPED is Hawaiian/Part-Hawaiian.
Cultural incongruence • Academic instruction is often based on Western values & expectations & rarelyconsiders NH culture as a means to support learning. • Lack of resources & teacher competence to address the cultural variables in assessment procedures & instructional supports.
Language • Many NH students speakPidgin as their first language and lack proficiency in standard English. • NH students do notreceiveESLservices in school.
The Purpose of this Project • Infuse cultural values & activities with evidence base strategies to engage students. • Enhance ethnic pride for NH students. Enhanced engagement + Ethnic pride Positive view of school better rates of attendance, increased participation, reduced students in SPED.
Culturally Responsive means… to value, consider, and integrate individuals’ culture, language, heritage, and experiences to lead and support their learning and development. Culturally responsive educators use their understanding of the experiences lived by students in the design of instruction and interventions (Boesch, 1996, Ladson-Billings, 1992).
Year 1 Goals • Establish rapport with piloting schools. • Kua O Ka La Public Charter Schools, King Intermediate, and Castle High School • Identify NH cultural values and activities. • Identify evidence based strategies for reading and mathematics.
Native Hawaiian Values & Teaching • Creating Ohana atmosphere. • Aloha to each student. • Chanting to build cultural pride and knowledge. • Talk story. • Kukakuka - mediate student disputes and teach students to mediate each others’ disputes. • Food to show sharing.
Believe in them (alakai, kuleana). Working in groups (3-4 students), encouraging Lokahi. Creating student ownership. Having dialogues with students about what works and what does not work in class. Treating students as individuals and being respectful and fair. “Being real.” Teaching by and through examples creating relevance add cultural component to the lesson so the lessons are not disconnected from what students already know.
Pre-survey Results Teachers and Professional Development They had 13.91 years of teaching experiences on average. 18% of them were Native Hawaiians (NH 11.5% of them had professional development (PD) on Response To Intervention (RTI) 26.9% of them had PD on Culturally Relevant Teaching (CRT) 13.2% of them had both PD on RTI and CRT.
The PD experience on CRT/RTI significantly influenced their understanding level of CRT or RTI. However, their PD experience didn’t affect their current use of CRT or RTI.
Pre-survey results continued • Average % of NH students in a class = 48.89% • Average % of SPED students in a class = 26.75% • In the classes taught by the 6 SPED teachers, 61.3% of their students were NH students on average. • In the reading classes highly populated by SPED students, 82.5% of the students were NH.
Factors Affecting Student Learning • Family Support • Attendance • Engagement
Engagement and cultural relevance, two main topics of RTI and CRT, were marked 3rd and 6th ranks; we need to enhance teachers’ personal value of cultural relevance as a means to improve student learning.
NH Values • By teachers’ ethnicity (NH or non NH), they were no significant difference in their perception of important NH values important to enhance student learning. • Pono • Kuleana • Laulima
How Do Teachers Determine Students Need Additional Support/Service • Behavior • Class Performance • Attendance • Grade • Assignment • Engagement
Strategies Used For Students Who Need Additional Support/Services • Contact Parents • Contact Counselor • Contact Student • Tutoring • Adjusted Instruction