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Relationships Between Facial Movement and Emotions

Relationships Between Facial Movement and Emotions. Dilay Özmumcu 1803782 Psyc 374. Outline. What is facial movement ? Can there be a facial expression of emotion without emotion? Can there be emotion without facial expression? The universality of facial expressions of e motion

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Relationships Between Facial Movement and Emotions

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  1. Relationships Between Facial Movement and Emotions Dilay Özmumcu 1803782 Psyc 374

  2. Outline • What is facial movement? • Can there be a facial expression of emotion without emotion? • Can there be emotion without facial expression? • The universality of facial expressions ofemotion • Interpretation of facial expressions • References

  3. What is facial movement? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHa1n1bFZUA

  4. What is facial movement? • What feelings look like in face • Changes in forehead, eyebrows, eyelids, cheeks, nose, lips and chin • Major emotions- anger, surprise, fear, disgust, sadness, happiness • The family of expression for each feeling • Used for better understanding the feelings of others or your own • Most important part of nonverbal communication

  5. Can there be a facial expression of emotion without emotion? • False expressions: • Invent expressions when they do not feel any emotion • Mislead the observer into thinking whether an emotion is felt when it is not. • For distinguishing false from genuine expressions, difficult-to-make muscular movements (in anger, fear and sadness facial expressions) • Referential expression: • When talking about past or future emotional experiences, describing feelings not now being felt • Mock expression: • Type of referential expression • Feels the opposite of the emotion shown (laughing for not amusing situation)

  6. Can there be emotion without facial expression? • Facial activity is always part of an emotion, even when it is inhibited • Momentary facial expressions • An emotion can be captured in an instant • Last a few seconds, but a single frame • Extended expression • During which a sequence of actions provides the signal (Embarrassment) • Ekman (1993)- possibility that there are emotions that have no signal • When experienced provide no information to observers about any aspect of the person’s emotional experience.

  7. The universality of facial expressions of emotion • Darwin (1872)- They are universal • Emotions are biologically innate and evolutionarily adaptive. • However, facial expressions are culture-specific • Every culture has its own verbal language, it has its own language of facial expressions. • Cross-cultural researches • Same facial expressions of emotion are produced spontaneously by members of very different cultures in reaction to emotion-eliciting films (Friesen, 1972) • Cultural differences in the learned rules of expression management in social situations can produce the appearance of culture-specific facial expressions (Russell, 1994)

  8. Facial action was found to provide accurate information about a number of different aspects of the subjective experience of emotion (Ekman, Friesen, Ancoli; 1980). • This may be one of the reasons why sometimes when people give an account of an emotional experience they unexpectedly begin to reexperience of emotion. • Spontaneous happiness- more symmetrical • Deliberately performed- more asymmetrical

  9. Interpretation of facial expression of emotions • Knutson (1996) - facial expressions of emotion affect subjects' interpersonal trait inferences (dominance and affiliation) • High dominance and affiliationFrom happy expression • High dominance and low affiliationFrom angry and disgust • Low dominanceFrom fearful and sad expressions • Ekman, Friesen, Ancoli (1980) – how a subject’s performance of different muscular movements influences his or her subjective experience of emotion • Face may also influence a person’s emotional experience by providing signals to others about how the person feels. • Aid the development of rapport, trust, and collegiality,useful in making credibility assessments, evaluating truthfulness and detecting deception; and better information about emotional states provides the basis for better cooperation, negotiation, or sales.

  10. References • Ekman, P. (1993). Facial Expression and Emotion. American Psychologist. 48(4), 376-379. • Ekman, P.,& Friesen, W. V. (2003). Unmasking the face. Los Altos CA • Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Ancoli, S. (1980). Facial Signs of Emotional Experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 39(6), 1125-1134. • Knutson, B. (1996). Facial expressions of emotion influence interpersonal trait inferences. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 20(3),165-182. • Matsumoto, D., & Hwang, H. S. (2011). Reading facial expression of emotion. Psychological Science Agenda. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/science/about/psa/2011/05/facial-expressions.aspx • Russell, J. A. (1994). Is There Universal Recognition of Emotion From Facial Expression? Psychological Bulletin. 115(1), 102-141.

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