Presentation Transcript

1. Trust, but verify…building enclosure commissioningstandards development, personnel certification and trainingDaniel J. Lemieux, AIAPrincipalwiss, janney, elstner associates, inc.laverne dalgleishprincipalbuilding professionals, inc. 21st NCBC Conference
2. agenda Development and History of Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) What is BECx? Why is it Important? Standard of Care…? Overview of ASTM E2813, Standard Practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning Significance of the Core Competencies Required in ASTM E2813 Introduction to the ASTM/NIBS BECx Certification and Training Program Alignment of ASTM E2813 with Building Codes and Public Sector Accreditation and Credentialing programs 21st NCBC Conference
3. Learning objectives At the end of this session, participants will be able to discuss… History and Evolution of Building Enclosure Commissioning ASTM E2813, Standard Practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) Significance of the Core Competencies in ASTM E2813 Development of the New ASTM Building Enclosure Personnel Certification Program Alignment of ASTM E2813 with Building Codes and Public Sector Accreditation and Credentialing programs 21st NCBC Conference
4. Building enclosure commissioningWhat Is It? “Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) is a holistic process that…endeavors to ensure that the exterior enclosure of a building…meets or exceeds the Owner’s Project Requirements...” - ASTM E2813, Standard Practice for BECx The BECx Process Predesign Design Preconstruction Construction Occupancy and Operations Owner Project Requirements (OPR) Energy Environment Safety Security Durability Sustainability Operation and Maintenance Good Design and Construction Practice RESILIENCY 21st NCBC Conference
5. Building enclosure commissioningWhy Is It Important? Uncontrolled rainwater penetration and condensation potentialare two of the most common threats to building enclosure performance… Together, they represent up to 80% of all construction-related claims in the United States… 90% of all water intrusion problems occur within 1% of the total building area (interfaces) Building Sector consumes nearly 50% of all energy produced in the United States… Compartmentalization of the Design Profession Declining Skill Levels in the Construction Trades Rising Incidence and Cost of Litigation Failure to Deliver… 21st NCBC Conference
6. Building enclosure commissioningStandard of Care? “It is not the standard of care to provide exhaustively detailed and annotated documents. If architects were expected to provide that level of detail, our fees would need to increase dramatically or we would be out of business quickly…” -Testimony of Architect During Litigation “Drawings are diagrammatic and do not purport to identify nor solve problems of thermal or structural movement, glazing, anchorage, or moisture disposal…” -Technical Specification by Architect 21st NCBC Conference
7. When did this start? “Up until 1945, the liability climate within which the architect worked was fairly stable. Under the common law rule of ‘privity of contract’, the client was the only party likely to gain the court’s permission to sue…” “The trend against the rule began in the manufacturing sector and reached the architectural profession in the 1950’s…” - AIA Architect’s Handbook of Professional Practice 21st NCBC Conference
8. Death of the “master builder”Architect as “master builder” falls victim to risk and liability Substituting “Observation” for “Supervision” During the Construction Phase… Day v. National U.S. Radiator, 241 La.288, 128 So.2d 660 (1958) Miller v. DeWitt, 37 Ill.2d 272, 226 N.E.2d 630 (1967) “Some viewed [this] substitution… as a retreat from the architect’s traditional role, tending to weaken the architect’s services during this crucial project phase.” -AIA Architect’s Handbook of Professional Practice 21st NCBC Conference
9. Birth of the “construction manager” “Prior to about 1980 there was no such thing as a CM. However, when interest rates ran close to 20% during the recession of that time… someone came up with the idea of speeding up the process by overlapping design and construction. That occurred at a time when architects were continuing to withdraw from the construction process. Into that void stepped the ‘CM’.” -Outside Counsel to the AIA 21st NCBC Conference
10. Architects “gave it away…” “The ability to play a controlling role in the construction process was never taken away from architects – they gave it away!That [trend] continues through the most recent iteration of the [AIA] documents. Traditionally, the architect was always the initial [“arbiter”] in the case of conflicts between the contractor and owner. The documents now embrace a third party in that role.” Why? “Architects are uncomfortable in that role...” -Outside Counsel to the AIA 21st NCBC Conference
11. What we teach architects todaysample curriculum Total Hours: 174 / 4110 Total University Core Hours: 48 / 720 (18%) Remaining Hours: 126 / 3390 Total Studio Hours: 42 / 1900 (45%) Remaining: 84 / 1490 Courses related to Building Science: 12% Hours related to Building Enclosure: 3% 21st NCBC Conference
12. National architectural accrediting boardcurriculum requirements A. 1. Communication A. 2. Design Thinking A. 3. Visual Communication A. 4. Technical Documentation A. 5. Investigative A. 6. Fundamental Design A. 7. Use of Precedents A. 8. Ordering Systems. A. 9. Historical Traditions and Global Culture A. 10. Cultural Diversity A. 11. Applied Research B. 1. Pre-Design B. 2. Accessibility B. 3. Sustainability B. 4. Site Design B. 5. Life Safety B. 6. Comprehensive Design B. 7. Financial Considerations B. 8. Environmental Systems B. 9. Structural Systems B. 10. Building Envelope Systems B. 11. Building Service Systems B. 12. Building Materials and Assemblies C. 1. Collaboration C. 2. Human Behavior C. 3. Client Role in Architecture C. 4. Project Management C. 5. Practice Management C. 6. Leadership C. 7. Legal Responsibilities C. 8. Ethics and Professional Judgment C.9. Community and Social Responsibility 32 curriculum requirements Only 6 Related to Building Science and the Technical Rigors of Professional Practice 21st NCBC Conference
13. HOW WE TRAIN Architects todayncarb intern development program 1A. Programming (80 hours) 1B. Site and Building Analysis (80 hours) 1C. Project Cost and Feasibility (40 hours) 1D. Planning and Zoning Regulations (60 hours) 2A. Schematic Design (320 hours) 2B. Engineering Systems (360 hours) 2C. Construction Cost (120 hours) 2D. Codes and Regulations (120 hours) 2E. Design Development (320 hours) 2F. Construction Documents (1,200 hours) 2G. Material Selection and Specification (160 hours) 3A. Bidding and Contract Negotiation (120 hours) 3B. Construction Administration (240 hours) 3C. Construction Phase: Observation (120 hours) 3D. General Project Management (240 hours) 4A. Business Operations (80 hours) 4B. Leadership and Service (80 hours) 17 Experience Areas 5600 hours of experience required (about 3 years) No Specific Requirement for Training in Building Science or the KSAs Necessary to Deliver Fully Integrated Building Performance 21st NCBC Conference
14. Building enclosure commissioningTimelineof Recent Standards Development 2005: ASHRAE Guideline 0, The Commissioning Process 2006: NIBS Guideline 3, Exterior Enclosure Technical Requirements for the Commissioning Process 2012: ASTM E2813, Standard Practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning (BECx) 2012: ASTM/NIBS Memorandum of Agreement on Building Enclosure Commissioning 2012: NIBS Guideline-3, Building Enclosure Commissioning Process 2013:ASHRAE Standard 202, The Commissioning Process for Buildings and Systems (Joins ASHRAE GL-0) 2014: ASTM Standard Guide for Building Enclosure Commissioning (Replaces NIBS GL-3) 2014: ASTM/NIBS BECx Certification and Training Program 21st NCBC Conference
15. “Fundamental” BECxA Engagement During the Design Phase Minimum of One (1) Independent, Third-Party Design Review (CD Phase)… Minimum Level of Performance Testing (Annex A.2) “Enhanced” BECxA Engagement During the Pre-Design Phase Minimum of Three (3) Independent, Third-Party Design Review (SD/DD/CD Phases) Minimum Level of Performance Testing (Annex A.2) Precedent…? 1998: Public Works Canada Originates “Basic” and “Enhanced” Levels of Cx 2001: USGBC Adopts “Fundamental” and “Enhanced” Levels of LEED ASTM E2813 Standard practice for BecxEnforceable Levels of BECx 21st NCBC Conference
16. ASTM E2813 Standard practice for BecxMinimum Required Levels for Performance Testing 21st NCBC Conference
17. Building and Materials Science Procurement and Project Delivery Contract Documents and Construction Administration Performance Test Standards and Methodology ASTM E2813 Standard practice for BecxMinimum Required Core Competencies of the Service-Provider 21st NCBC Conference
18. Principles associated with heat transfer via conduction, convection, radiation, and air infiltration/exfiltration Principles associated with moisture storage and transport via gravity, diffusion, convection, capillary action, absorbed flow, and osmosis… Characteristics and behavior of materials, components, systems, and assemblies when specified for a given application, geographic region, location, exposure, or climate… ASTM E2813 Standard practice for BecxMinimum Required Core Competencies of the Service-Provider Building and Materials Science 21st NCBC Conference
19. Influence of the project delivery method on the scope and cost of the BECx process Influence of the number and type of contracts between the Owner and the project team on the role and responsibilities of the BECxP Influence of design scheduling, phasing, and sequencing of the work on the BECx process Influence of the experience, qualifications, technical depth, and commitment of the design and construction teams on the successful integration and delivery of the BECx process ASTM E2813 Standard practice for BecxMinimum Required Core Competencies of the Service-Provider Procurement and Project Delivery 21st NCBC Conference
20. Interpretation and enforcement of the Contract Documents in the context of the BECx process… Importance of shop drawing review and design refinement at interfaces to fully integrated building enclosure performance… Influence of allowable construction tolerances on interface detailing and construction… Material compatibility and continuity of primary heat, air, and moisture control layerson fully integrated building enclosure performance… Timely preparation and delivery of BECx work product… ASTM E2813 Standard practice for BecxMinimum Required Core Competencies of the Service-Provider Contract Documents and Construction Administration 21st NCBC Conference
21. Quantifiable thresholds of performance… Clear and unambiguous definitions of failure… Appropriate interpretation of test results… Documentation of all modifications to the design arising from pre-construction mock-up testing and translation into the field… Distinction between errors and omissions in architectural design vs. product design Conflicts between industry standards and open, consensus-based standards and impact on the enforcement of the Contract Documents… ASTM E2813 Standard practice for BecxMinimum Required Core Competencies of the Service-Provider Performance Test Standards and Methodology 21st NCBC Conference
22. Building enclosure commissioningASTM/NIBS Memorandum of Agreement (2012) Support the development of standards, guidelines, certifications, education and training materials and programs for building enclosure design, construction and commissioning; Promote and encourage discussion, training, education, technology transfer and engage in the exchange of information about all matters concerning the building enclosure and the related science; Initiate and promote cross-disciplinary dialoguebetween all sectors of the building community and professions in the interest of high performance building enclosures; Facilitate improvements in the building process, including inspection, approval, codes, regulations, standards, liability matters, and the other areas affecting building enclosures; Improve the knowledge of their respective memberships in building enclosure science. 21st NCBC Conference
23. Form Technical Advisory Committee Establish Certification Scheme Committee Define Scopes Conduct Job Task Analysis Draft Exam Blueprint Hold Item Writing Workshop Select Item Banking System Conduct Beta Testing Construct Test Forms Set Cut score Equate Additional Forms Rescore Beta Exams Quality Assurance Rollout (2014) ISO/IEC 17024 Standard for Personnel Certification Building enclosure commissioningASTM/NIBS BECx Certification and Training Program 21st NCBC Conference
24. Certified BECx Provider Personnel Certification Program – ASTM/NIBS/ISO Professional Registration or Equivalent Education, Training, and Experience Continuing Education Required Certified BECx Specialist Personnel CertificationProgram – ASTM/NIBS/ISO Continuing Education Required Specialty Certifications Available Certified BECx Technologist Training-Based Certificate Program – ASTM Individual Test Standards for Air, Water, Structural, and Thermal Performance Testing ASTM Certificate Levels of Personnel Certification Building enclosure commissioningASTM/NIBS BECx Certification and Training Program 21st NCBC Conference
25. Owner/Developers U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) BOMA Design Professionals American Institute of Architects (AIA) American Society of Healthcare Engineers ASHRAE Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) Construction Associated Builders and Contractors Building Codes and Standards International Code Council (ICC) International Accreditation Service (IAS) U.S. General Services Administration Research and Academia National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) U.S. and Canadian Colleges and Universities Industry and Trade Associations Air Barrier Association of America BCA ACG AAMA RCI SSPC Insurance and Legal Ujjval Vyas Fred Butters Greg Field Outside Counsel to AIA Legal Counsel to Real Estate Investment Advisors Building enclosure commissioningASTM/NIBS BECx Technical Advisory Committee 21st NCBC Conference
26. International Code Council (ICC) IAS AC476: Accreditation Criteria for Organizations Training/Certifying Individuals Involved in Commissioning ISO 17024 ASHRAE Standard 202 ASTM E2813 ICC 1000 Standard for Commissioning IAS AC476 (ISO 17024) ASHRAE Standard 202 ASTM E2813 U.S. Department of Energy Commercial Workforce Credentialing Program ISO 17024 “Commissioning Professional” USGBC LEED v.4: Reference to NIBS GL-3 will be replaced via addendum with… ASTM E2813 New ASTM Standard Guide for BECx (GL-3) Building enclosure commissioningBuilding Codes and Personnel Certification and Credentialing Programs 21st NCBC Conference
27. ASTM/nibsBuilding enclosure commissioning personnel certification and training program 21st NCBC Conference
28. ASTM Building Enclosure Personnel Certification Program Based on ASTM E2813 Standard Practice for Building Enclosure Commissioning In conjunction with NIBS/BETEC who will provide training Coordinated with NIBS/DOE Whole Building Commissioning certification program
29. ASTM Building Enclosure Personnel Certification Program Program meets requirements of ISO 17024 Conformity assessment — General requirements for bodies operating certification of persons Confidentiality Impartiality Separate training from certification
30. ASTM Building Enclosure Personnel Certification Program Process Step 1: Identify if there is a published installation standard upon which to base the certification. (ASTM E 2813) Step 2: Develop a title and scope for each certification you need intend to develop Step 3: Conduct a job task analysis Step 4: Identify whether the task is a K, S or A Step 5: Develop the test instruments
31. ASTM Building Enclosure Personnel Certification Program Process Step 6: Develop prerequisites Step 7: Develop certification requirements Step 8: Develop recertification requirements Step 9: Complain resolution Step 10: Develop a handbook to provide a candidate instructions on how to obtain certification
32. ASTM Building Enclosure Personnel Certification Program Certifications Building Enclosure Commissioning Provider Future Building Enclosure Commissioning Technologist Building Enclosure Commissioning ???
33. ASTM Building Enclosure Personnel Certification Program Building Enclosure Commissioning Provider Core competency categories (ASTM E2813) Building and Material Science Procurement and Project Delivery Contract Documents and Construction Administration Performance Test Standards and Methodology
34. ASTM Building Enclosure Personnel Certification Program Process Need to involve representatives of who will be impacted by the certification Not a consensus process Industry input desirable Remove subjectivity
35. ASTM Building Enclosure Personnel Certification Program Challenges Coordination with others – DOE, IAS, others Who commissions - “team” or individual Certification vs. accreditation “head knowledge” vs. field experience Where to obtain training
36. ASTM Building Enclosure Personnel Certification Program Timelines Deliverable – CSC (April 2014) Deliverable – test question bank and a test instrument(s) June 2014 Deliverable –Scheme handbook June 2014
37. QUESTIONS?Daniel J. Lemieux, AIAPrincipalwiss, janney, elstner associates, inc.Dlemieux@wje.comlaverne dalgleishprincipalbuilding professionals, inc.ldalgleish@buildingprofessionals.com 21st NCBC Conference