Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project

1. DFID – World Bank Kyrgyzstan Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project

2. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation project Kyrgyzstan - 2005 Area 189,999 sq km Population 5,081,429 Bishkek 589,000 Seven Oblasts IssykKul, Naryn, Talas, Chui, Osh, Jalalabad, Batken. GDP per capita 1,600 $ Religion 75% Islam, 20% Russian Orthodox, 5% others

5. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan Acronyms • DFID – Department for International Development, GB • WB – World Bank • MAWR&PI – Ministry for agriculture, water resources and processing industry (further – the Ministry) • DRWS – Department for Rural Water Supply (further – the Department) • PMU – Project Management Unit • PMC – Project Management Consultant, Carl Bro Int. (further – the Consultant) • TA – Technical Assistance • CDWUU - Community Drinking Water Users Union • RWSSP – Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project (further – the Project)

6. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan • General Implementation • Financing agencies: DFID (TA grant), WB (Loan) • Executing agency: MAWR&PP -> DRWS -> PMU • Implementation units: PMC (TA), PMU (Loan) • Client: Community Drinking Water Users Union CDWUU • Other stakeholders: Oblast and Rayon administrations, Village Administration

7. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan “Taza Suu“ is the national programme for clean drinking water supply in the rural areas and is part of the process of decentralisation of the state structure and service management

8. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan The DFID and World Bank finance the RWSSP for the northern regions: Issyk Kul, Naryn and Talas The Asian Development Bank finances the programme in the southern regions

10. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan Tasks implemented by the Project Management Consultant in cooperation with DRWS: • Community mobilisation • Engineering Design • Financial management • Procurement of works and materials • Supervision of the WSS construction • Training of community and CDWUU members • Institutional Development of the DRWS

11. Main stages of implementation of a sub-project: • Community mobilisation for creation of CDWUU and 5% upfront cash contribution • Preliminary Design in close cooperation with the community by PMC • Approval by CDWUU and other state organisations • Detailed Design by PMC • Transfer of the 5% cash collected to the DRWS account • National procurement of Works and Materials • Construction of the WSS by local firms under PMC’s supervision • Setting tariff by community and CDWUU • Monitoring of the CDWUU performance during the 1st year of exploitation of the WSS * Training of the CDWUU covers all the stages

12. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan • Training by Stages of Implementation of a sub-project: • Module 1: CDWUU Capacity Building • Module 2: Financial Management 1 • Module 3: Tender and Procurement • Module 4: Mobilisation and implementation of 15% • Module 5: Financial Management 2 • Module 6: Water Quality/Hygiene • Module 7: Operation and Maintenance of WSS • Module 8: Management for Sustainability

13. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan

14. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan Main project data Household served 70,388 Population served 318,433 Villages covered 2002-2005 / sp 189/156 Coverage of population 46% WB funds committed (Nov-05) 14,831 kUSD Average WB disburs/cap 47 USD/cap Average WB disburs/village 78,475 USD Average tariff (approved in 55 vill.) 6.4 som/cap

15. Most of the systems are 20 and more years old they are rehabilitated, or new WSS are built Asbestos cement pipes are lined with polyethylene pipes All water sources are tested and certified by Min of Health People can find a stand pipes within an average radius of 100 m Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan

16. Source type Artesian borehole 6% Deep borehole 41% Hand pump 1% Infiltration system 21% Spring capture 31% Disinfection Chlorination 86% Ultra violet 14% Network No of tap stands 6,972 Length pipes [km] 1,551 Persons/tap stand 46 Pipes m/person 4.9 Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan

17. Assessment of the sustainability of CDWUUs Focused on: • Priority given to clean water • Organisational set-up • Economic & financial performance • Institutional relationships • Cooperation with other CDWUUs and local authorities

18. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan

19. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan Major impediments to sustainability • People are not willing to pay tariff • Drinking water is not a top priority for people • Lack of external assistance (DRWS, loc. Authorities, etc.) • Payment of state taxes (VAT, roads, emergency, social, etc.) • Lack of management skills of the CDWUU chairperson/ board, accountant.

20. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan Impact assessment of the RWSSP Impacts • Economic • Social • Health • Institution Building, capacity and ownership • Attitude and confidence • External relations and partnership • Village water infrastructure

21. Impact assessment of the RWSSP Sample from 21 villages in the 3 Oblasts 255 households 21 Schools 21 CDWUUs 18 Ayil Okmotu 1/3 of completed schemes working since one year 1.6% of population in complete schemes Some results Averagevalues per village New paid jobs 3.2 Temp jobs 7.0 New business 1.5 Tariff paid 35.5% Working standpipes Before Now 5.6 20.7 Service days/week Before Now 1.8 6.2 Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan

22. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan Conclusions and recommendations Project level • Sometimes communities are pushed to join the project just for political reasons - Only communities which give priority to clean water should be included in the project Public level • Communities do not link health problems to water quality - More public information and awareness raising thru all possible channels – media, educational (targeting all age groups)

23. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan Conclusions and recommendations Community level The impact assessment of the project on communities is quite encouraging, but still sustainability is an issue – CDWUUs shall take initiative to • Act as a partner to health and sanitation bodies in rising awareness about influence of water quality on community’s health; • Reinforce peoples’ awareness of community ownership over the community water supply • Formulate expectations regarding community water supply system (like household connections, etc.) • Obtain community’s commitment to support WSS construction and maintenance • Continue capacity building

24. Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Kyrgyzstan Conclusions and recommendations Institutional level • The legislation for drinking water in the the rural areas is still weak • The role of the Department is still unclear and risks its abolition after completion of the project in year 2007 • The Department does not have enough capacity (both human and financial) to support several hundreds of newly created CDWUUs • CDWUUs lack state support like temporarily tax vacancies, etc. • The Departmentis not enough involved in learning and analysing experience of CDWUUs, as well as disseminating successful experience The Kyrgyz Government should seriously pay attention to the elaboration of a rural water sector strategy

25. Thanks for the attention