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I have an understanding of the Periodic Table.

I have an understanding of the Periodic Table. . (I can identify groups and periods; metals vs. non-metals, and the mass number; atomic number, and symbol of elements). Chemistry Unit. The Periodic Table of the Elements. Terms to know.

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I have an understanding of the Periodic Table.

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  1. I have an understanding of the Periodic Table. (I can identify groups and periods; metals vs. non-metals, and the mass number; atomic number, and symbol of elements)

  2. Chemistry Unit The Periodic Table of the Elements

  3. Terms to know • Group - vertical columns of elements that share properties and have the same number of electrons in their outermost shell • Period – horizontal rows of elements where the number of the row is the highest energy level (last electron shell)

  4. More terms to know • Metal - This includes all elements in groups 1 – 12 and are broken down into 3 categories: alkali, alkaline-earth, and transition • Non-metals – Groups 13-16 are broken into 4 groups named after the element at the top of the group.

  5. A few more terms… • Halogens – Group 17, very reactive, poor conductors • Noble gases – Group 18, colorless, odorless gasses that tend to not react with other elements • Metalloid – an element that shares some properties with a metal and some of a non-metal

  6. And still a few more… (you should know these already! – DON’T rewrite them!) • Mass number –the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom (the nucleus of it) • Atomic number – equal to the number of protons in an atom (in a stable atom, equal to the number of electrons, too)

  7. Alkali Metals (Group 1) • REALLY REALLYREALLY REACTIVE! • Not found in their pure form in nature • Silver colored and shiny • Low density • Soft enough to be cut with a knife • One outer level electron http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ODf_sPexS2Q http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmcfsEEogxs

  8. Alkaline-earth metals (Group 2) • Slightly less reactive than alkali metals • Silver colored • More dense than alkali metals • Two outer level electrons http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u_1uLP30uxY

  9. Transition Metals (Groups 3-12) • Moderate range of reactivity • Wide range of properties • Shiny • Good conductors of heat and electricity (generally) • High density • High melting points • One or two outer level electrons (they’re a bit odd)

  10. Lanthanides and Actinides • Transition metals that just didn’t fit in well, so they got moved to the bottom • Lanthanides are shiny and reactive • Actinides are radioactive and unstable • Elements 95-103 don’t exist in nature, but have been manufactured in the lab

  11. Other Groups (Boron – Oxygen) • Boron Group – reactive, aluminum is in this group, which is the most abundant in the Earth’s crust, 3 outer level electrons • Carbon Group – varied reactivity, 4 outer level electrons • Nitrogen Group – varied reactivity, 5 outer level electrons • Oxygen Group – reactive, 6 outer level electrons

  12. Halogens (next to last column) • ALL NON-METALS • Very reactive • Poor conductors of heat and electricity • Tend to form salts with metals (like NaCl – table salt) • 7 outer level electrons http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o8DH0YtRQMc (start at about 0:30 to about 1:25)

  13. Noble Gases (last column) • Unreactive • Non-metal • Colorless • Odorless • Gasses at room temperature • Found in the atmosphere in SMALL amounts • 8 outer level electrons

  14. Metalloids • Found along the “stairstep” between the transition metals and the non-metals • Includes the following elements: • Boron (B) • Silicon (Si) • Germanium (Ge) • Arsenic (As) • Antimony (Sb) • Tellurium (Te) • Elements “below” those listed are identified as metals (this includes tin (Sn), lead (Pb), indium (In) and bismuth (Bi))

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