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The Comma

The Comma. Rule One:. Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction to join two independent clauses together. Sentence, FANBOYS sentence. Independent Clause . An independent clause contains both a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. Coordinating Conjunctions??. F or

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The Comma

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  1. The Comma

  2. Rule One: Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction to join two independent clauses together. Sentence, FANBOYS sentence.

  3. Independent Clause An independent clause contains both a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought.

  4. Coordinating Conjunctions?? For And Nor But Or Yet So Here is a simple acronym to help you remember the most common coordinating conjunctions:

  5. In the following quotes, highlight: independent clauses coordinating conjunction comma • “Every day was a happy day, and every night was peaceful.” • -E. B. White, Charlotte’s Web • “Celia says you’re in shock, but I think you are just lazy.” • -Nancy Farmer, The House of the Scorpion • “You can pick your friends, but you’re stuck with your family.” • -Jeff Foxworthy, You Might Be a Redneck If… This is the Biggest Book You’ve Ever Read • “Hiccup leapt out of the way, but the sharp point of the blade pierced his shirt and tore a neat slice out of it.” • -Cressida Cowell, How to Be a Pirate

  6. Be creative!Turn the following sentences into compound sentences.Write your own independent clause and don’t forget the FANBOY! • Every day is a good day. • Celia says you’re a loser. • You can pick your friends. • John leapt out of the way.

  7. Rule Two: Use a comma to set off an introductory element or phrase. Opener, sentence.

  8. Prepositional Phrase • Begins with a preposition and is separated by a comma in the beginning of the sentence: • In the doorway the ominous figure stood. • While I was cooking breakfast my sister talked about her week. • Because she chews up baby dolls and paper towels I think I have the weirdest puppy in the world.

  9. Participles/Participial phrases • Participles are verbs that are used as an adjective: • Stepping softly he sneaked through the door. • Raising the hair on the back of my neck the scream sliced through the room. • Waking up early Sue made coffee for everyone.

  10. Dependent Clause Contains a subject and a verb, but cannot stand alone. While I was sleeping the dog jumped the fence. Because of this I hate the dog.

  11. Adverb • Quickly I rushed through the store. • Frantically I looked in each department and changing room. • Finally I found my little brother hiding in the jeans rack.

  12. Interjections • Well I want to buy a Starbucks coffee. • Yes the white mochas are my favorite. • No I don’t mind if you buy me one. • Hmmm I do not think you should eat that squirming bowl of spaghetti.

  13. Add an introductory element to create a complex sentence. Every day is a good day. Celia says you’re a loser. You can pick your friends. John leapt out of the way.

  14. What’s going on here? Use your newfound knowledge to create a Sentence, FANBOYS sentence. and Opener, sentence about the characters in the pictures. Write two sentences per picture. If you are stuck: Why are they smiling? What are they thinking? What are they doing? What are they about to do?

  15. Rule Three: • If a group of words interrupts a sentence, it needs a comma on both sides. • AKA- Nonessential element Sent, interrupter, ence.

  16. Practice with interrupters! • Our yellow ranch house 26 Bobolink Drive had a garage and a bathroom shower with sliding glass doors. • Wally Lamb, She’s Come Undone • My best friend lives in Italy the home of the pizza with her husband and two kids. • U2 I think is the best band in the world.

  17. Rule Four: • Use a comma to set off additional information if it’s after an independent clause and the additions modify or describe elements of the clause. Sentence, closer.

  18. Closers • The screen was coming away from the screen door in one corner, curling away from the metal frame like a leaf. • Suzanne Berne, A Crime in the Neighborhood • I remember the precise moment, crouching behind the crumbling mud wall peeking into the alley near the frozen creek. • Khaled Housseini, The Kite Runner

  19. Rule Five: • Use a comma to separate a series of three or more things, actions, or phrases. Sent e, n, c, (and) e.

  20. Serial Commas • I love to eat apples bananas and grapefruits. • Getting to school on time doing all my assignments and behaving well are all things I can do to ensure success in school. • Inside the calzone were sausage cheese and onions.

  21. Rule Six: • If a quotation is used as an interrupter, add a comma before the first quotation mark and inside the second quotation mark. Sent, “Quote,” ence.

  22. Dialogue • She said, “I would love to come,” like she really meant it.

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