Chapter 6 The Executive Branch

1. Chapter 6The Executive Branch Section 1: The Presidency Section 2: Powers and Roles of the President Section 3: Executive Departments and the Cabinet Section 4: Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions

2. Chapter 6 Section 1: The Presidency OBJECTIVES • What are the qualifications and terms of office for the presidency? • What are the duties and terms of office for the vice president? • What is the order of presidential succession?

3. Chapter 6 Section 1: The Presidency Qualifications for the presidency: • Native-born U.S. citizen • At least 35 years of age • A resident of the United States for at least 14 years

4. Chapter 6 Section 1: The Presidency Terms of office: • Four-year term and may be elected to a second term • Salary of $400,000 per year plus $50,000 nontaxable allowance

5. Chapter 6 Section 1: The Presidency Duties and terms of office of the vice president: • Takes over if the president dies, resigns, or is removed from office • Presides over the Senate • Must meet the same constitutional qualifications as the president • Salary of $186,300 per year plus $10,000 taxable allowance

6. Chapter 6 Section 1: The Presidency The order of presidential succession: • The vice president • The Speaker of the House • The president pro tempore of the Senate • Members of the president’s cabinet in the order in which their departments were created

7. Chapter 6 Section 2: Powers and Roles of the President OBJECTIVES • How is the president involved in the legislative process? • How does Congress limit the president’s powers as commander in chief? • What are the president’s duties as foreign-policy leader and as chief of state?

8. Chapter 6 Section 2: Powers and Roles of the President The President and the Legislative Process • Recommends laws to Congress in speeches, writing, or through State of the Union Address • Sends Congress an economic message • Influences legislation with veto power

9. Chapter 6 Section 2: Powers and Roles of the President Congress and the Commander in Chief • Only Congress can declare war. • The president has the power to send troops into foreign lands. • 1973—War Powers Act: requires troops to be recalled within 60 days unless approved by Congress to stay longer

10. Chapter 6 Section 2: Powers and Roles of the President President’s duties as foreign-policy leader and chief of state: • Appoints officials to represent the United States abroad • Travels to foreign nations to meet with leaders and representatives of other countries • Serves as the nation’s chief diplomat and assumes final responsibility for treaties • Symbolizes the United States and its people • Performs ceremonial duties

11. Chapter 6 Section 3: Executive Departments and the Cabinet OBJECTIVES • What is the Executive Office of the President, and what is its purpose? • How are the heads of the executive departments and the members of the cabinet related? • What are the 14 executive departments?

12. Chapter 6 Section 3: Executive Departments and the Cabinet The Executive Office of the President • Established in 1939 and reorganized by each president • Contains agencies and offices that advise the president on current issues • The White House Office keeps presidential schedule, writes speeches, and maintains relations with Congress, the press, and the public.

13. Department of State Department of Justice Department of Treasury Department Transportation Department of Labor Department of Energy Department of Commerce Department of Defense Department of the Interior Department of Health and Human Services Department of Education Department of Veterans’ Affairs Department of Housing and Urban Development Department of Agriculture Chapter 6 Section 3: Executive Departments and the Cabinet The 14 executive departments work to improve life for all Americans.

14. Chapter 6 Section 4: Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions OBJECTIVES • What are independent agencies, and why are they separate from the executive departments? • What is the purpose of regulatory commissions, and who runs them? • What is the federal bureaucracy?

15. Chapter 6 Section 4: Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions Independent Agencies • Perform specialized duties that do not fit into regular departments • Some serve all of the departments and some assist the work of the entire government. • Examples: • U.S. Commission on Civil Rights • Farm Credit Administration • Small Business Administration • National Aeronautics and Space Administration

16. Chapter 6 Section 4: Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions Regulatory Commissions • Independent agencies make rules and bring violators to court. • Commission heads are appointed by the president and approved by Congress to serve long terms. • Commissions are independent in order to freely do their jobs.

17. Chapter 6 Section 4: Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions Regulatory Commissions (continued) • Examples: • Federal Election Commission • Consumer Product Safety Commission • Securities and Exchange Commission • National Labor Relations Board

18. Chapter 6 Section 4: Independent Agencies and Regulatory Commissions The Federal Bureaucracy • Formed by the departments and agencies of the executive branch • Almost 3 million workers • Operates under heavy rules and regulations that create “red tape” but allow the executive branch to function