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Understanding Three Classes of Rocks

Learn about igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks and how they are formed, with examples like obsidian, limestone, and gneiss. Explore methods like remote sensing and geophysical prospecting used in rock classification and exploration.

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Understanding Three Classes of Rocks

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  1. 2.2 Three Classes of Rocks: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic

  2. Igneous Rocks – rocks that form from hot, molten rock • Ex. Obsidian, pumice, pegmatite, and basalt

  3. Igneouos Rock

  4. Intrusive Rock – igneous rocks formed from the magma that cooled and hardened beneath Earth’s surface • Extrusive Rock – igneous rocs that were formed from lava cooling on Earth’s surface.

  5. Sedimentary Rock – layers of rocks that form when small pieces of rock carried by water or wind and settle or sink down in water onto the rocks below them. • Ex. Limestone, shale, conglomerate, and sandstone

  6. Sedimentary Rock

  7. Metamorphic Rock – rocks that have been changed because of intense pressure and heat within Earth’s interior • Ex. Gneiss, marble, schist, quartzite, and slate

  8. Metamorphic Rock

  9. Classifying – grouping of objects or events that have the same characteristics. • Remote Sensing – mapping of Earth’s surface from aircraft or orbiting satellites • Geophysical Prospecting – using sensitive instruments to detect mineral deposits hidden deep underground

  10. Geochemcial Prospecting – making chemical analysis of samples taken from the environment. • Exploration – drilling holes to verify an ore body’s existence

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