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Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). MHC I MHC II MHC III. Transplantation. Cells Expressing Class I and Class II MHC. All nucleated cells express class I MHC. Class I MHC. Cells expressing class II MHC also express class I MHC. Class II MHC. Significance of the MHC.

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Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)

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  1. Major Histocompatibility Complex(MHC) • MHC I • MHC II • MHC III

  2. Transplantation

  3. Cells Expressing Class I and Class II MHC All nucleated cells express class I MHC Class I MHC Cells expressing class II MHC also express class I MHC Class II MHC

  4. Significance of the MHC • role in immune response • role in organ transplantation • role in predisposition to disease

  5. Genetic barriers to transplantation • autologous: in the same individual (autograft) • isologous: between genetically Identical individuals (isograft), i.e., identical twins (inbred animals) • homologous: between individuals of the same species (allograft) • heterologous: between individuals different species (xenograft)

  6. Principles of transplantation

  7. Minor histocompatibility antigensand graft survival • minor histocompatibility antigens also cause rejection • The rejection time is variable but longer than that for major histocompatibility antigen • They have additive effects

  8. Graft versus host (GVH) disease

  9. GVH disease in humans

  10. TNF, NO2 IL2, TNF, IFN  IL2, IL4, IL5 lysis IL2, IFN  Mechanisms of graft rejection Inflammation ADCC lysis rejection

  11. agent mode of action application(s) organ transplant, hypersensitivity, autoimmunity organ transplant, corticosteroids, prednisone cyclosporine, ticrolimus anti-inflammatory, altering T-cell and PMN traffic inhibition of IL-2 production by T cells Inhibition of T cell activation by IL-2 organ transplant rapamycin Immunosuppressive agents

  12. agent mode of action application(s) purine metabolism organ transplant azathioprine, 6-MP organ transplant methotrexate folate metabolism autoimmune diseases, organ transplant cyclophosphamide, melphalan alkylation of DNA, RNA and proteins x-irradiation Lymphopenia malignancy/marrow transplantation Immunosuppressive agents

  13. Magnet Removal of T cells from marrow graft Magnetic antibodies

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