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INTRODUCTION TO MAPS

INTRODUCTION TO MAPS. Where do we go from here?. A Picture Tells a Thousand Words. When is a picture more useful than a map? When is the map more useful?. Source: http://geoeyemediaportal.s3.amazonaws.com/gallery/GeoEye-1%20Inauguration2009_final_clip.jpg. Cartography.

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INTRODUCTION TO MAPS

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  1. INTRODUCTION TO MAPS Where do we go from here?

  2. A Picture Tells a Thousand Words When is a picture more useful than a map? When is the map more useful? Source: http://geoeyemediaportal.s3.amazonaws.com/gallery/GeoEye-1%20Inauguration2009_final_clip.jpg

  3. Cartography • The art of making maps Yes, map making is an art! http://www.ballantynethebrave.com/uploads/Lion_Map.jpg

  4. Compass Rose • Used to define direction on a map

  5. Compass Directions Cardinal Points- The four primary directions found along the Compass Rose. • North • The primary direction shown on a compass rose. Sometimes listed alone or with • South • Opposite of North facing downward • East • To the right of North • West • To the left of North

  6. Map Coordinates Made Easy • Let’s start at the beginning • This sphere represents the planet earth Source: http://www.intmath.com/Vectors/3D-Earth-geometry.php

  7. Map Coordinates Made Easy • If we split the sphere in half, there are two Hemispheres • Equal halves • The line represents the Equator Northern Hemisphere Equator Southern Hemisphere Source: http://www.intmath.com/Vectors/3D-Earth-geometry.php

  8. The Earth’s Axis of Rotation Next, remove the top hemisphere. We show the Earth's Axis which points to North at the top. Source: http://www.intmath.com/Vectors/3D-Earth-geometry.php

  9. Lines of Latitude We want to be able to indicate how far North or South of the equator we are for any point on the Earth's surface. Notice the lines are parallel Each is a 300 angle starting at the Equator Source: http://www.intmath.com/Vectors/3D-Earth-geometry.php

  10. Important Latitudes The Arctic Circle is 66.5620 N The Tropic of Cancer is 23.260 N The Equator is at 00 N The Tropic of Capricorn is 23.260 S The Antarctic Circle is 66.5620 S Source: http://www.intmath.com/Vectors/3D-Earth-geometry.php

  11. Lines of Longitude • The Prime Meridian • Line of longitude that goes through 0° • Imaginary line • Divides the earth from east to west • Runs through Greenwich, England Source: http://www.intmath.com/Vectors/3D-Earth-geometry.php

  12. Lines of Longitude (cont…) Lines of longitude give an indication of where a place (or a boat or a plane) are positioned in an Easterly or Westerly direction from 0° E. Source: http://www.intmath.com/Vectors/3D-Earth-geometry.php

  13. Only Time Will Tell • The Earth is divided into 24 equal sections (3600) • Each sector is 150 • Each sector takes 1 hour for the earth to rotate past http://www.quadibloc.com/science/images/zone.gif

  14. US Time Zones

  15. Maps and Globes • A Globe is a three-dimensional representation of the earth • A Map is a two-dimensional graphic (or drawing) that represents part of the earth’s surface

  16. Map Coordinates • Latitude • Longitude • Equator • Prime Meridian • Parallel 1800 1200 600 00 600 1200 1800 900 600 300 00 300 600 900

  17. Map Scale • Scale is a representative measurement of distance

  18. Map Legend • A box with all the symbols used on that map and what they mean.

  19. Map Legend (cont…)

  20. Other Maps

  21. Mercator Projection A cylindrical map projection in which the meridians and parallels of latitude appear as lines crossing at right angles and in which areas appear greater farther from the equator.

  22. Conic Projection

  23. Robinson Projection

  24. Gnomonic Projection (or Polar Projection)

  25. Fuller Projection Watch it Unfold

  26. Bathymetric Map Keyword: ‘Bath’ (think of water)

  27. Relief Map http://www.sxi.sbc.edu/images/Ambersmaps/VA%20shaded%20relief.jpg

  28. Peters Map

  29. Contour Map

  30. Contour (cont…)

  31. Contour Maps (cont…) Source: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/structure/crust/index.php

  32. Source: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/research/structure/crust/index.php

  33. Contour Map River

  34. REMOTE SENSING • Remote sensing: collecting data from far above Earth’s surface • Satellite imaging (LANDSAT): electromagnetic waves reflected off earth. • Global Positioning Satellite (GPS): 24 satellites

  35. Remote Sensing (cont…) Source: http://www.gma.org/surfing/blast2.html

  36. Remote Sensing (cont…)

  37. Remote Sensing (cont…)

  38. Virginia Elevation Map Source: http://topocreator.com/download_city_a.php

  39. Virginia Geological Map Source: http://www.geobop.org/imagesGW/Pre/Maps/Geological/va/vamap.gif

  40. Virginia Topographical Map Source: http://www.radford.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG202/virginia.html

  41. Questions About Mapping?

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