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S torage, M onitoring and V erification Project Overview. Charles Christopher SMV Team Co-Lead. SMV Team Objective.
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Storage, Monitoring and Verification Project Overview Charles Christopher SMV Team Co-Lead
SMV Team Objective • Develop the technology and understanding necessary to place dense phase CO2 in the subsurface, to insure that it remains stored and that minimizes any threat to human health or to the environment. Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
Setting the stage: What do we know? • Natural CO2 Reservoirs • CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery • Natural Gas Storage • Disposal Well Technology • Nuclear Waste Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
CO2 occurs naturally in most O&G fields • Concentrations range from ppm to over 95% • CO2 must be removed before selling • What can these reservoirs tell us about the capability to store CO2? Long Term Natural Analogs Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
The industry has done CO2 EOR for 30 years • First CO2 flood in Scurry county, TX in 1972 • Half of all floods (~40) in Permian Basin of Texas • Also in La, Ms, Wy, Ok, Co, NM, Ut, Mo, Ak and Pa • Outside US in Canada, Hungary, Turkey and Trinidad Current Permian CO2 Injection 1BCFD Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
CO2 Is Routinely Transported Safely for EOR Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
Natural Gas Storage • 450 projects store 139 MMT in 35 states • Majority in depleted O&G reservoirs • 51 in brine filled aquifers • 40 in salt caverns Issues of site selection, seal analysis, monitoring and verification Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
Underground Injection Control and Nuclear Waste • Protection of USDW • Well inspection and maintenance • Risk assessment and mitigation • Public engagement, education, and acceptance Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
As a Result of Extensive Technology Review, Three Areas Needing Work Were Identified Risk Assessment Short Term Monitoring Verification Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
Storage, Monitoring and Verification R&D topics • Risk Assessment Safety assessment methodology Risk assessment framework, public perception/involvement • Monitoring Influence of injection on properties of reservoir & cap rocks Novel geophysical techniques for monitoring CO2 movement Long term sealing integrity of wells Integrated simulation • Verification Natural CO2 Analogs, other analogs Fracture mechanics approach to seal evaluation Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
Identify Potential Failure Modes Est. Frequency For each Potential Mode Potential Impact of Failure Mode Features: Geologic such as fractures, faults, and layering Events: Seismic activity, drilling in area Processes: Physical, chemical, Stress changes, mineral dissolution Risk Assessment provides a roadmap for process understanding Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
Risk Assessment projects cover many aspects • Safety Assessment Methodology Development – TNO Netherlands • Probability Risk Assessment Methodology- INEEL • CO2 Injection and Physical Properties of Reservoir & Caprocks – GFZ • Site-Specific HSE Risk Assessment Model – LBNL • RA, Reactive Transport Model; Caprock Integrity – LLNL • Long-Term Sealing Capacity of Wells – Sintef • Why Leaky Geologic Systems Leak - Utah Two RA workshops held in 2002, third in October Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
Monitoring – Short Term • Hyperspectral Geobotanical Remote Sensing, Rangley – LLNL • M&V Using Noble Gas Isotopes – LLNL • Satellite Radar Interferometry – Stanford • Novel Geophysical Techniques to Monitor Movement – LBNL • Optimum Monitoring Technology – TNO Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference
Conclusions • CCP is established as an international cooperative project between governments and private sector. • 30 Candidate technologies have been funded and projects are underway. • Several guidance projects are finished. • Reports and project updates can be found on our web site: C02CAPTUREPROJECT.ORG Geologic Storage & Verification (SMV) Technology Conference