1 / 16

Kingdom Fungi

Kingdom Fungi. Characteristics similar to all Fungi: All eukaryotic Heterotrophic Multicellular (except yeast) Are not motile. Why are Fungi not Plants?. Similarities:. Differences:. Lack chlorophyll (chloroplast) Do not perform photosynthesis Reproduce by spores

mio
Download Presentation

Kingdom Fungi

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Kingdom Fungi Characteristics similar to all Fungi: All eukaryotic Heterotrophic Multicellular (except yeast) Are not motile

  2. Why are Fungi not Plants? Similarities: Differences: Lack chlorophyll (chloroplast) Do not perform photosynthesis Reproduce by spores Fungal cell walls are made of chitin (like crab shells); plant cell walls made of cellulose • Do not move • Grow like plants • edible

  3. Anatomy of Fungi • Bodies of fungi consist of long strands called hyphae • Hyphae weave together to form mycelium and is found underground • some hyphae have septa which separate • Fruiting body is the reproductive structure

  4. Fungi Nutrition • Heterotrophic • Fungi secrete enzymes that attack carbon containing organisms, and digest them • Fungi can be one of 4: • Saprophyte: digests dead organisms • Decomposer: Feeds on dead organic material • Predator: hunts other organisms • Parasites: lives in or on a host feeding off its nutrients

  5. Fungi Reproduction Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction Two parents contribute genetic material to the offspring Genetically unique offspring • Occurs when one parent produces offspring without the genes from another individual. • Identical copy Fungi reproduce both sexually and asexually!

  6. Four Main Types of Asexual Reproduction • Some undergo mitosis • Some yeast fungi reproduce by “budding” • Some fungi grow from mycelium • Most by spores

  7. Asexual Reproduction • Spores contain a nucleus and dehydrated cytoplasm • Spores are released from the fruiting body • Dispersed via wind, animals, insects, water • Cytoplasm will absorb water to rehydrate and forms hyphae • Hyphae will twine to form mycelium

  8. Sexual Reproduction • Divided into 4 main groups • Similarity between groups: there are no male or female • “+” mating type and “-” mating type • Fertilization occurs when hyphae from a plus meet hyphae from a minus

  9. Four Groups of Fungi • Primitive Fungi: • Phylum Chytridiomycota • Sac Fungi: • Phylum Ascomycota • Bread Molds: • Phylum Zygomycota • Club Fungi: • Phylum Basidiomycota

  10. Impacts of Fungi • Recycle nutrients • Form associations with lichens • Food • Produce antibiotics (Penicillian) • Some cause disease

  11. Lichens • Symbiotic relationship between algae and fungi • Lichens absorb chemical nutrients from the air • Can grow anywhere

  12. Mycorrhizae • Mutualistic • Between fungi and plant roots • Fungal hyphae act as a root extension which increases the plants surface area • Increases water uptake • More disease resistant

  13. Diseases Caused by Fungi Dutch Elm Disease: Human Diseases: Athlete’s foot Ring worm Yeast infections • Kills an elm in as little as 3 weeks • Clogs its water conducting vessels • Spread in SK by the elm bark beetle during its breeding period

  14. Beneficial Fungi • Yeast for baking bread • Digests sugar in bread and produces CO2 • This causes the bread to rise • Adds flavors to cheese • Edible mushrooms found in the grocery stores

  15. Penicillin • Alexander Fleming 1928 • He was trying treat syphilis • Active ingredients in mold turned out to be an infection-fighting agent • Found that the Staphylococcus bacteria grew everywhere except for the area surrounding the moldy contaminant

More Related