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Marbury v. Madison. POLI 120: American National Government Instructor: Gregory T. Pezza Student: Rebecca Young. John Adams and the Midnight Judges.
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Marbury v. Madison POLI 120: American National Government Instructor: Gregory T. Pezza Student: Rebecca Young
John Adams and the Midnight Judges • In 1800, John Adams losthis bid for reelection to Thomas Jefferson. Feared the Jefferson’s antipathy toward a central government, Adams quickly appointed 59 judges who believed in a strong national government, trying to preserve Federalist influence in the federal government. Being appointed on the last day of Adams’s presidency, those judges were later referred as “midnight judges.”
John Marshall All of the 59 judicial appointment letters had to be certified and delivered. Adams’s secretary of state, John Marshall had succeeded in delivering 42 appointment letters by the time Jefferson took over the presidency.
Thomas Jefferson Jefferson directed his secretary of state, James Madison not to deliver the remaining 17 commissions.
Marshall’s Decision John Marshall masterfully fashioned his decision. On the one hand, his decision did not order anyone to do anything. On the other hand, he enlarged the power of the Supreme Court by affirming the Court’s power of judicial review.
Judicial Review “The process by which a court decides on the constitutionality of legislative enactments and actions of the executive branch.”
Application Today American Booksellers Foundation for Free Expression v. Dean et al. 342 F.3d 96 (2d Cir. 2003)