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A Beam Driven Plasma-Wakefield Linear Collider: PWFA-LC From Higgs Factory to Multi- TeV

A Beam Driven Plasma-Wakefield Linear Collider: PWFA-LC From Higgs Factory to Multi- TeV. J.P Delahaye / SLAC On behalf of the E200 Collaboration

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A Beam Driven Plasma-Wakefield Linear Collider: PWFA-LC From Higgs Factory to Multi- TeV

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  1. A Beam Driven Plasma-Wakefield Linear Collider:PWFA-LCFrom Higgs Factory to Multi-TeV J.P Delahaye / SLAC On behalf of the E200 Collaboration E.Adli, M.J. Hogan, S. Corde, R.J. England, J. Frederico, S.J. Gessner, S. Li, M.D. Litos, T.Raubenheimer, Z. Wu, (SLAC, Stanford, USA), C. Joshi, W. An, C.E. Clayton, K.A. Marsh, W. Mori, N. Vafaei-Najafabadi (UCLA, Los Angeles, USA), W. Lu (Tsinghua Univ. of Beijing, China and UCLA) P. Muggli (MPI, Munich, Germany) Thanks for slides from M.Hogan, E.Adli, S.Gessner

  2. Energy reach e- e+ Luminosity source main linac beam delivery Multi-TeV Linear Colliders challenges • Limitation by practicalities: • Wall plug power: mitigation power to beam transfer efficiency • Wall plug power <300MW @ 3TeV, • L0.01 = 2.1034 20 MW/beam • Cost : mitigation by high accelerating gradient • Total extension < 10km @ 3TeV • Each linac < 2.5 km Wall plug to beam efficiency > 13% Effective Accelerating Gradient ~ 1 GV/m

  3. Linear Colliders (CLIC and ILC) at 500 GeVc.m.Power Cost

  4. Gradient and efficiency in Linear Colliders Beam-driven Plasma Wake-Field Accelerator (PWFA)

  5. Plasma Acceleration(Beam-driven or Laser-driven) Laser pulse or Witness bunch >10GV/m Extremely strong focusing: Bf=2pehpr > MT/m Drive bunch Excellent power transfer efficiency: hdrive to plasma ~ 76%, hplasma to main ~ 66% hdrive to main > 50%

  6. FACET facility at SLAC Simulation of 25GeV PWFA stage

  7. E. Adli @ IPAC'12 >10 GVm fields achieved in FACET at SLAC(First experimental run (April-June 2012) • 28 cm plasma cell with fractions of beam • decelerated (left) by up to 4 GeV. • accelerated (right) by up to 5 GeV, • corresponding to a gradient > 10 GV/m. By varying the imaging energy of the imaging quads we can focus onto the different energy particles. This confirms that the tails observed are actually deceleration and acceleration :

  8. Design of an optimumPlasma cell QuickPICsimulation(IDRE/UCLA) hdriveto plasma ~ 76%, hplasma to main ~ 66% hdrive to main > 50%

  9. Witness bunch evolution (up to granularity of simulation)

  10. Novel concept of a beam driven PWFA Linear Collider : A 2.5km HIGGS Factory (250m acceleration)

  11. Beam parameters and luminosity similar to ILC but in a single bunch operation mode with flexible time interval • CW mode at high repetition frequency and large interval/bunches: • 12.5kHz repetition frequency (80ms) • One main bunch accelerated by one drive bunch per stage (25 GeV) • Drive beam accelerated to 25 GeV by 2*3.6 SC CW recirculating linac (a la CEBAF) • excellent efficiency (40%) and reasonable cryogenics (16MW) • Reduced dimensions due to high plasma acceleration gradients: • 7.6 GV/m with 13% filling factor thus effective accelerating field of 1 GV/m • Excellent efficiency • Beam acceleration: 20% • Overall wall-plug to beam: 9%@ 250GeV to 15%@ 3TeV • Upgradable over large energy range from HIGGS factory to 3 TeV

  12. Lepton colliders main parameters HIGGS factory

  13. PWFA main parameters

  14. Luminosity

  15. Drive beam , wall plug power and efficiency

  16. Efficiency versus accelerating gradient

  17. Wall plug

  18. Pulsed mode Drive linac feasibility? Similar bunch structure and beam parameters as the ILC

  19. An alternative ILC upgrade by PWFAfrom 250GeV to 1 TeVand beyond? 400m ILC TeV upgrade One possible scenario could be: 1) Build & operate the ILC as presently proposed up to 250 GeV (125 GeV/beam): total extension 21km Develop the PFWA technology in the meantime (up to 2025?) When ILC upgrade requested by Physics (say up to 1 TeV), decide for ILC or PWFA technology: 4) Do not extend the ILC tunnel but remove latest 400m of ILC linac (beam energy reduced by 8 GeV) 5) Install a bunch length compressor and 16 plasma cells in latest part of each linac in the same tunnel for a 375+8 GeVPWFA beam acceleration (382m) 6) Reuse the return loop of the ILC main beam as return loop of the PWFA drive beam

  20. ILC upgrade from 250 GeV to 1 TeV by PWFA

  21. Issues and challenges to be addressed by specific R&D • Witness bunch acceleration by separate drive bunch • Beam loading scenarios with low momentum spread • Emittance preservation during acceleration • Drive to main beam power transfer efficiency • Multi-stage acceleration • Alignment tolerances and instabilities (hose, head erosion) • Positron acceleration • Plasma recovery between pulse and heat deposition • Multi-MW Super-conducting linac for drive beam generation and limitation by stored energy (specially in pulsed mode)

  22. Challenges for Positron Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Positron Witness Bunch Electron Drive Bunch Positive Ion Background Accelerating and Defocusing Field for Positrons Decelerating and Focusing Field for Electrons + + + + + + + + + + - - - - + + - - - - - - + + + + + - - - - + + + + + + + + +

  23. Conclusions PWFA a very promising technology: Very high accelerating fields: effective 1 GV/m Excellent power efficiency ( Wall-plug to beam 20%) • Great flexibility of time interval • CW or pulsed mode of operation • An alternative for ILC energy upgrade? • Many challenges still to be addressed; • Beam quality preservation, efficiency, positrons? • Ambitious test facilities: FACET and FACET2 • Feasibility addressed early next decade? • Thanks to excellent and expert collaboration: E200

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