INTD 54 paint

1. INTD 54 paint

2. components of paint • pigments—give color to coating • binders—holds the pigments particles together; provide washability/scrubbability & durability • solvents—make the coating wet enough to spread • additives—perform special functions

3. paint • solvent-based: • use petroleum derivative as solvent • take longer to dry—solvent evaporation • sometimes referred to as oil-based • water-based: • use water to make paint easier to spread • sometimes referred to as latex, acrylic latex & vinyl acrylic • adapt well to changing weather conditions—moisture less likely to build up

4. paint • several finishes/lusters available in alkyds or latex: • flat—highest PVC; provide velvety appearance; little washability • eggshell, pearl or satin—slightly lower PVC than flat; moderate scrubbability • semi-gloss—mid-range sheen; good scrubbability • gloss or high gloss—low-PVC; shiny surface; easy washability; shows imperfections • enamel—generally used to indicate a higher quality paint; greater durability; smoother finish • *PVC—pigment volume concentration

5. stain • also contain all four ingredients—have a unique binder which causes coating to penetrate deep into surface • solid color stain—wood texture visible; hides grain; appears uniform • semi-transparent—both • texture and grain visible • stain waxes—stain & wax • in one process

6. clear coating • group of products that contain little or no pigments • produce wet or shiny appearance • provide an extra layer of protection • urethane/polyurethane coatings form tough, hard, flexible chemically resistant films • other finishes/coatings: • varnish • shellac • lacquer • danish oil

7. primers first coat applied to substrate—prepares surface some also serve as sealers for porous substrates—wood, paper on gypsum board prevent waste of paint—absorption or deep colors flame-retardant paints not fireproof, do reduce flammability of substrate use wherever greater fire protection needed 0-25 flame spread rating required most commercial

8. application methods • best available equipment should • be used—poor quality tools • result in poor quality job • brushes should have flagged bristles—load brush with more paint & help paint flow smoothly • brushes—woodwork & uneven surfaces • spraying—cover large areas; 8-10 times faster • pads & rollers—do-it-yourself tools; remodeling without removing furniture

9. surface preparation most important procedure to achieve good paint finish 80% of all coating failures—inadequate surface preparation until late 1970s lead-based paints were used—renovations of buildings painted before late 1950s must be done by contractor trained in proper handling

10. surface preparation wood—moisture; all cracks & nail holes filled; sanding plaster—must be solid; no cracks; smooth and level gypsum board—seams must be taped; nail/screw holes set & filled with spackle; filled areas sanded; brushed clean of particles before priming metal—loose rust & paint removed before painting (sandblasting) masonry—use block filler due to porous surface; masonry paint covers less surface than other types

11. writing paint specifications • way of legally covering both parties in the contract—no misunderstandings of responsibility if scope is clearly written out • time requirement most important—penalty • surface preparation • high-performance paints • method of application • inspections • cleanup