HINARI/Health Information on the Internet (module 1.3 Part A)

1. HINARI/Health Information on the Internet(module 1.3 Part A)

2. MODULE 1.3 Health Information on the Internet Instructions - This part of the: • course is a PowerPoint demonstration intended to introduce you to Health Information on the Internet • module is off-line and is intended as an information resource for reference use.

3. Module 1.3 Table of Contents – Part A • Evaluating Health Information on the Internet • Grey Literature - definition • Health Organization Sources –, inter-governmental, governmental and non-governmental agencies • Databases and Library Catalogs • Search Engines and Gateways • Discussion groups • E-Journal resources

4. Table of Contents – Part B • Sampling of resources • Consumer Health/Patient Education • HIV/AIDS • Pharmacy and Pharmacology • Public Health • Reproductive Health • Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases • Managing Internet Resources

5. Evaluating Web Information • Criteria for Evaluation • Accuracy • Authority • Currency • Coverage • Objectivity • Criteria for evaluating Health Information www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/evaluatinghealthinformation.html

6. Website accrediting organization

7. Google Search: Dengue Fever

8. ‘Misled by the Web’ • Use of the Internet to determine whether the medication pregnant women are taking or are about to take is safe for an unborn baby. • Study of “safe lists for medications in pregnancy” websites found 25 that contained inconsistencies and false reassurances or alarms based on “inadequate evidence.” • “Among medications approved for use in the U.S.A. from 2000 to 2010, over 79% had no published human data on which to assess teratogenic risk (potential to cause birth defects), and 98% had insufficient published data to characterize such risk.” .

9. 25 Web sites characterized 245 medications as “safe” for use by pregnant women, which “might encourage use of medications during pregnancy even when they are not necessary.” • Online was sometimes contradictory. “Twenty-two of the products listed as safe by one or more sites were stated not to be safe by one or more of the other sites.” Safe lists for medications in pregnancy: inadequate evidence base and inconsistent guidance from Web-based information, 2011. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 29 Jan 2013 (Online Version of Record published before inclusion in an issue)

10. Grey Literature • Used by the librarians, and medical and research professionals and students • Is a body of materials that cannot be found easily through conventional channels – e.g. indexed databases or publishers’ lists • Examples include technical reports from governmental, inter-governmental and non-governmental agencies or research groups, working papers from research groups or preprints • Includes valuable information for the delivery of healthcare and policy development

11. Grey Literature continued • Is difficult to identify and acquire for librarians and potential users • Lacks strict bibliographic control - basic information such as author, publication date or publishing body and location may not readily available • Is increasingly found on the Internet but can be difficult to identify, access and evaluate

12. Free Health Resources on the Internet • Ready reference material e.g. encyclopedias • Library catalogues (WHO and regional offices) • Journals and books (see other modules) • Bulletins, newsletters • Governmental, intergovernmental and non-governmental information resources • Research databases • Publishers’ databases • Discussion groups

13. Inter-governmental Agencies • WHO • WHO/Western Pacific Region • PAHO • UNAIDS • UNFPA

14. The WHO site contains current news information plus links to statistics, publications, programs, health topics and guidelines.

15. This the initial page of the WHO/Pacific Region website. It contains similar info as the WHO site but specific to this region.

16. This the initial page of the Pan American Health Organization website. It includes significant ‘country specific’ information.

17. The UNAIDS webpage is the site of an inter-organization consortium. It includes significant epidemiological, statistical, logistical and clinical information on HIV/AIDS.

18. The UNFPA webpage is devoted to health and other issues for women. Note the various topics in the POPULATION ISSUES column.

19. Health Organizations Resources – Governmental agencies • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. • National Institutes of Health, U.S. • National Library of Medicine, U.S.

20. Although geared toward the U.S. population, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has a significant amount of relevant information about global health.

21. We have opened the U.S. National Institutes of Health webpage. Note how it is highlighting it’s Innovation for Global Development which discusses scientific advances for health throughout the world.

22. The U.S. National Library of Medicine is another governmental agency involved in global health. It develops and maintains the PubMed and other databases.

23. This is the Health Information page of the National Library of Medicine (NLM). It includes links many health information resources besides PubMed. www.nlm.nih.gov/hinfo.html

24. Non-governmental Agencies • American International Health Alliance • Antwerp Institute of Tropical Medicine • Family Health International • INASP • Popline

25. This the American International Health Alliance webpage. It describes the organization’s projects which are geared toward strengthening health systems in low-income countries.

26. Family Health International is a women and reproductive health ngo with extensive projects in many the developing countries. The next slide highlights the initial documents listed on the Resources page.

27. INASP is an ngo that focuses on communication, knowledge and networking projects in low-income countries. View the What We Do list for information on the organization’s key projects.

28. Many tropical medicine organizations have useful projects/ documents relating to global health. This example is the Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp. View the broad topics for further information.

29. This the Diseases, Disorders and Related Topics gateway. Users can link to specific websites by keyword searching, alphabetical listing or broad subject categories.