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WAVES

WAVES. Transfer of energy. Two Wave Categories:. WAVES. 1) Electromagnetic Wave. 2) Mechanical Wave. - need a medium. Traveling disturbance. Two Types of Mechanical Wave Motions:. 1) transverse. 2) longitudinal. pulse. (repeats a pattern, or cycle). WAVES. amplitude.

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WAVES

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  1. WAVES

  2. Transfer of energy Two Wave Categories: WAVES 1) Electromagnetic Wave 2) Mechanical Wave - need a medium Traveling disturbance Two Types of Mechanical Wave Motions: 1) transverse 2) longitudinal pulse

  3. (repeats a pattern, or cycle) WAVES amplitude (Related to the energy content of a mechanical wave) Periodic Waves frequency wavelength period

  4. depends on material properties of the medium (constant in a given medium) WAVE SPEED In a rope (or similar material), the speed of a wave is determined by: Tension in rope Linear density of rope

  5. WAVE SPEED A transverse periodic wave is created in a rope of mass 2.00 kg and length of 6.00 meters. The rope is under a tension of 150 N. The speed of the wave in the rope would be… The wave cycles created in the rope have a period of 0.10 second. The wavelength of the “rope” wave would be…

  6. Changing direction upon meeting a barrier (wave energy remains in original medium) Reflection How do the POLARITY of the incident and reflected waves compare? If the barrier is very rigid compared to the original medium, the reflected wave will be inverted (have the opposite polarity of incident wave). If the barrier is very flexible compared to the original medium, the reflected wave will be upright (have the same polarity as incident wave).

  7. Reflection How much of the wave energy will reflect? If barrier material is very similar to original medium, very little of the wave energy will reflect. (Most will transmit through to the new medium.) If barrier material is very different from original medium, most of the wave energy will reflect.

  8. Reflection Path of reflected wave is determined by the Law of Reflection. (measured relative to the normal line) (transmitted portion not shown)

  9. Refraction Incident wave must make θ > 0˚ to normal line. Caused by the wave changing speed when it enters the new medium. changing direction when the wave enters a new medium (Wave frequency remains the same.) Which way will it bend? If wave slows down, it bends toward the normal. If wave speeds up, it bends away from the normal.

  10. I have a BB machine gun, which emits a continuous stream of metal BB’s. I point it at a metal plate that has two openings in it and shoot. If the metal plate is placed a certain distance in front of a plaster wall, what will I see on the wall when I move the plate away?

  11. What if it is a beam of light instead?

  12. Diffraction The extent of the diffraction depends upon the wavelength of the waves (λ) and the size of the obstacle (d). bending around obstacles in its path, changing direction as a result Generally: Wave speed remains constant since medium doesn’t change. Wave frequency also remains constant.

  13. The effect on the medium when multiple waves meet at the same location. Interference Principle of Linear Superposition – the resulting disturbance is the sum of the individual wave disturbances constructive interference destructive interference circular wave interference(2D) Laser demo explanation

  14. …what changes? WAVES …what remains the same? Upon entering a new medium…

  15. Ripple tank (shows very realistic situations + 3D) Shows both direction changes (using rays only, no wave fronts) Shows reflected and refracted portions (both ways – rays only)

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