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World War II

World War II. Blitzkrieg. September 1939. The Victors. Maginot Line Built as protection from Germany. It was a mistake!. Even with Anti tank cannons and a main fortress every 5 kilometers, there was an undeniable flaw ! The line went from Belgium to Switzerland. Battle of Dunkirk .

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World War II

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  1. World War II

  2. Blitzkrieg September 1939

  3. The Victors

  4. Maginot Line Built as protection from Germany It was a mistake! • Even with Anti tank cannons and a main fortress every 5 kilometers, there was an undeniable flaw! • The line went from Belgium to Switzerland

  5. Battle of Dunkirk • German Forces pound English and French forces back to the coast • All available boats (Battle ships, Merchant vessels, Fishing boats, row boats, dinghy's, and anything that will float) pick up French and British soldiers who retreat. • 338,000 Allied soldiers are rescued

  6. Nazi soldiers march through Paris France surrenders June, 1940

  7. Allied Invasion of Africa: Operation “Torch” El Alamein Rommel Surrenders Allied invasion Nov ’42 By Ike El Alamein May ‘ 43 British Victory November ’42 By Monty

  8. Fighting in Africa • November 1942-May 1943 • Allied troops landed in Algeria and Morocco • Germans driven out of N Africa by May 1943 EL ALAMEIN Oct.-Nov.1942 • British Victory • DEFEATED GERMANGENERAL ROMMEL the “Desert Fox”, prevented from capturing Suez Canal • TURNING POINT FOR WAR IN AFRICA

  9. Invasion of Italy After victory in Africa, the Allies conquered Sicily and moved into Italy Allies landed south of Rome at Anzio, fought for four months and broke through German defenses in April 1945

  10. Invasion of Soviet Union Stalingrad- Hitler was obsessed with conquering this city named after Stalin Germans suffered under harsh winter conditions, Russians counterattacked and surrounded German army ***Turning point in the war in the East

  11. Stalingrad • 1942-2/2/43 • Key city leading to oil rich lands in south • As soon as Stalingrad won, Soviets surround city, cut off supply lines • Cold and starving, German troops fought until 2/2/43—surrendered • Defeat marks a major turning point

  12. D-DAY OPERATION OVERLORD Invasion of mainland of Europe, essential to winning the war Hitler expected it at Calais, but the coast was heavily defended

  13. INVASION OF NORMANDY • JUNE 6, 1944 • OMAHA BEACH • GERMANS THOUGHT NORTH OF SEINE • STAYED CONFINED UNTIL JULY 24

  14. D-Day • Allies establish a foothold • Within a few weeks • Million troops • 566,648 tons of supplies • 171,532 vehicles in France • Allies push through France • 8/25/44 Paris Liberated

  15. U.S. soldiers landing on Omaha Beach Going over the top D-Day

  16. BATTLE OF THE BULGE • DEC. 1944 - JAN. 1945 • LAST GERMAN OFFENSIVE • VITAL SEAPORT: ANTWERP • “BULGE” IN LINES • 100,000 GERMAN CASULATIES • 800 tanks lost • Largest battle in Western Europe

  17. Battle of the Bulge • Belgium, France, Luxemburg • 12/16/44 • Germans last offensive • Wanted to reach Antwerp and force Allies to negotiate peace • German Defeat—marks the end of serious German resistance • 81,000 US casualties 1,400 British, 800 tanks

  18. The End of the War in Europe • By 1945, Soviets surround Berlin • Hitler commits suicide April 30, 1945 • Germany signs an unconditional surrender on May 7, 1945 • V-E Day—Victory in Europe—May 8th Russians place Hammer and Sickle on the Reichstag

  19. V-E Day American soldiers taking Paris May 1945

  20. War in the Pacific • Pearl Harbor • Sunday, December 7, 1941—7:55 A.M. • Japan attacks Pearl Harbor • Ends American Neutrality • Devastates the American fleet • 8 battleships, 3 cruisers, • hundreds of planes • 2,400 killed

  21. “a day that will live in infamy”—FDR On the same day, Japanese bombers struck American airfields in the Philippines, Wake Island, and Guam—key American bases December 8, 1941—FDR declares war on Japan December 11, 1941—Axis powers declare war on US—Congress declares war on Germany and Italy War in the Pacific—Pearl Harbor

  22. Philippines • When 12/7/41-4/9/42 • Who: Japanese vs. Filipino and American troops—MacArthur • What: 12/7/41—Japanese strike and quickly take Manila (capital) • Allies must retreat to the Baatan Peninsula • Allies surrender 4/9/42 • Bataan prisoners (sick and starving) forced to march to prison camps 60 miles away.

  23. Philippines After 4 months of fighting, the Filipino and American soldiers surrendered to the Japanese 76,000 soldiers became prisoners of war and were marched 60 miles to a prison camp, at least 20,000 died along the way in the famous “Bataan Death March”

  24. Battle of Coral Sea • May 7, 1942 • Strategic Allied victory—halted the Japanese advance on Australia First naval battle carried out entirely by aircraft. The enemy ships never even came into contact with each other

  25. BATTLE OF MIDWAY • JUNE 3-6, 1942 • CONSTANT 2-DAY BATTLE • First major Japanese defeat • OVER 185 JAPANESE SHIPS lost

  26. Battle of Midway • What: a strategic attempt by Japan to shut off US supply lines • Results: US stopped the Japanese and changed the direction of the war • U.S. loses only 2 ships • Protects Hawaii • US takes offensive

  27. Mac Arthur returning to Philippines

  28. "Island Hopping"

  29. Guadalcanal—8/42-2/43 • Who: US vs. Japan • Where: Island near Australia— one of Solomon Islands • What: One of the most vicious campaigns • Japanese put up a fierce resistance • US has superior air and naval power • Results: • First time US land troops defeat Japanese • Americans are able to secure the island

  30. Iwo Jima Volcanic island deeply entrenched • February-March 1945 • Island off the coast of Japan—Japanese soil • Longest sustained aerial offensive of the war • More marines sent than in any other battle • 100,000 men fighting on an island the 1/3 the size of Manhattan • Japanese fought from below ground—Allies rarely saw a soldier • The battle was won inch-by-inch

  31. Iwo Jima • Results: US win • Provides a link in the chain of bomber bases • By the war’s end, 2,400 B-29 bombers and 27,000 crewmen made emergency landings. • “4 marines raising US flag”

  32. Okinawa • Casualties • US—12,500 killed; 36,000 wounded • Japan—93,000 troops killed; 94,000 civilians killed (many killed themselves) • Kamikazes—suicide pilots • Crashed planes loaded with explosives • Sank 30 US vessels

  33. The End of the War in the Pacific • With most of Japan’s air force and navy destroyed, B-29’s pounded Tokyo and other cities • Japanese refuse to surrender • Potsdam Declaration issued: • If you don’t surrender you face “prompt and utter destruction”

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