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Essential Question :

Essential Question : What are the major political, economic, & social themes of the “ Age of Jackson ” ? Warm-Up Question :

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Essential Question :

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  1. Essential Question: • What are the major political, economic, & social themes of the “Age of Jackson”? • Warm-Up Question: • Prepare for unit 5 review game (“inter- galactic death match”)

  2. Unit 5 Review • Each group will be presented a prompt & will list as many correct answers as possible (unless a cap is provided) within 1 minute • Groups earn 1 point per correct response; If any part of the response is incorrect, teams receive no points for that round • The winning group earns 105, others earn 100, 95, 90, 85…

  3. PromptIdentify 4 causes or effects of the increase in suffrage from 1820 to 1840

  4. Causes: Fewer property or tax payer qualifications Westward expansion; No landed elite in the west Shift from republic of “virtuous” leaders to democracy of “common men” Effects: White men eligible to vote rose from 50% to 90% (universal white male suffrage) Parties used new techniques to get common man votes Rise of Jackson, Democrats, Whigs Rise in voter participation

  5. PromptIdentify 3 direct comparisons between the Democrats & Whigs

  6. Democrats Pro-Jackson coalition in 1824 States’ rights, agrarian farming, & Western expansion Laissez-faire & opposition to banks Supported by rural South & West, some urban workers Whigs Anti-Jackson coalition in 1834 Strongcentralgov’t, urbanindustry, & commercial growth National & state-directed economy Supported by NE, NW, merchants, & some planters The 2nd Two-Party System The heirs to Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans The heirs to Hamiltonian Federalists Who formed the party? Beliefs about gov’t & the economy? Both parties had national (rather than exclusively regional) appeal Who should direct the economy? What type of American supported the party?

  7. Prompt Identify as many people from this unit (1825-1840) & their claim to fame

  8. Politics: Tocqueville JQ Adams Henry Clay: Andrew Jackson Van Buren John C Calhoun Harrison, Tyler Nicholas Biddle Peggy Eaton John Marshall Webster/Hayne Literature: Hawthorne, Poe, Melville, Whitman Emerson, Thoreau Reform: Dix, Stanton, Mott, Mann, Garrison, Douglass, Tubman Charles G Finney Economic: Slater, Lowell, Whitney Fulton, Deere, McCormick

  9. Prompt Identify 3 causes & 3 effects of the nullification crisis

  10. Causes: High tariffs in 1828 & 1832 to promote industry Tariff of Abom. Hurts the South “States’ rights” by John C Calhoun Precedents est in Jefferson’s KY Resolution & Webster;Hayne debate Effects: Jackson’s Force Bill asserted the nat'l gov't over the states Clay’s compromise tariff in 1833 Precedents: Southern threats of secession & use of force by president to preserve unity

  11. Prompt Identify “nationalism”& “sectionalism” trends from Jefferson to Jackson (1800-1840)

  12. Nationalsim: LA Purchase “Victory” in War of 1812 Monroe & Era of Good Feelings Monroe Doctrine, Adams-Onis, etc Marshall Court American System Market & Transp. Revolutions Indian Removal Sectionalism: Missouri Comp 1820 Nullification Crisis Tariffs States Rights King Cotton Growth of slavery Growth in industry & cities in North Rise of abolitionism

  13. Prompt Identify 4 causes & 4 effects of the Bank War

  14. Causes: BUS & Biddle seen as elitist BUS “caused” panics in the past Constitutional? Jackson’s rivalry with Clay Clay’s desire to renew the BUS charter early as part of his prez campaign bid Effects: Jackson vetoed the re-charter & killed BUS via pet banks Killed Am System Increased power of presidency Criticisms led to formation of Whigs Helped lead to the Panic of 1837

  15. Prompt Identify 8 changes that took place during the Early Antebellum Era(1800-1840)

  16. Westward expansion & new U.S. borders • Emergence of King Cotton • Commercial overtook subsistence farming • Urbanization, Industrialization in North • Immigration (Irish, German, Nativism) • Common man & growth of democracy • Market & Transportation Revolutions • Removal of Indians east of Miss River • 2nd Great Awakening & social reforms • Increased power of president • Elite, virtuous president to common man prez • Increasing nationalism & sectionalism • 1 party (Dem-Rep) to 2 parties (Dems & Whigs)

  17. PromptName 8 characteristics of the Market Revolution

  18. Regional economic specialization: • Northern industry, urbanization, rise of the factory system (Lowell Mill) • Southern cotton & expansion of slavery • Western commercial farming • American System: tariff, transp, BUS • Irish, German immigration for jobs & land • New industrial & farm technologies • Decline of “putting out” & barter systems • Trade, cotton = 60% of U.S. exports & world bought 75% of cotton from USA • Economic self-sufficiency for USA

  19. PromptIdentify a facts about each election:1. Election of 18242. Election of 18283. Election of 18324. Election of 18365. Election of 1840

  20. 1824: “corrupt bargain; 4 way race: JQ Adams, Clay, Jackson, Crawford; Clay named Sec of State; Adams won • 1828: 1st time Democratic Party; Jackson vs Adams, Jackson won, spoils system, Calhoun VP • 1832: Jackson vs Clay, Jackson won, BUS was main issue • 1836: Van Buren won with Jackson’s support; Whigs ran 3 candidates • 1840: 2-party system (Dems & Whigs), Van Buren vs. Harrison, Panic of 1837 was main issue, “Tippecanoe”, 82% voters

  21. Prompt Identify each social change or reform:1. Temperance2. Seneca Falls 3. Dorthea Dix4. Horace Mann5. Cult of Domesticity6. William Lloyd Garrison

  22. Temperance: attacked alcohol abuse • Seneca Falls: Women’s rights; Stanton/Mott; Declaration of Sentiments • Dix: Prison & asylum reform • Mann: Public education • Cult of Domesticity: separate sphere for women; Home & children • Garrison: American Anti-Slavery Society; The Liberator; Abolitionism

  23. Prompt Name 4 characteristics of the transportation revolution

  24. Types of Transportation: • Turnpikes, National Road • Canals, Erie Canal (1st major link b/w East & West; importance of NY City) • Steamboats allowed 2-way travel • Emergence of railroads, esp in North • Impact: • 90% decrease in transportation costs for western farmers; increased profits • Manufactured goods from East to West; Farm goods from West to East • Facilitated the market revolution

  25. Prompt Name 3 characteristics of the 2nd Great Awakening

  26. Religious enthusiasm in response to declining church attendance & devotion • Evangelists used mass techniques to appeal to masses; Tent revivals • Emphasized self-improvement & inspired social reformers of the 1830s • Began in West; Burned-over district of NY; reached all regions of country • Charles G Finney & emotional preaching • New religions: Mormons, Shakers, Onedia • Growth in Baptists & Methodists

  27. Prompt“Define” each event of Jackson’s presidency:1. Petticoat Affair 2. Spoils System 3. Maysville Road 4. Specie Circular 5. Kitchen Cabinet

  28. Petticoat Affair: Peggy Eaton affair led to resignation of Jackson’s cabinet • Spoils System: Jacksonian precedent of rewarding party loyalty with patronage • Maysville Road: Jackson veto of road in Kentucky; “not a national project” • Specie Circular: All western lands sales must be in “specie” (gold or silver); helped cause Panic of 1838 • Kitchen Cabinet: Informal advisors who Jackson relied on after Peggy Eaton Affair

  29. Prompt Identify 3 direct comparisons between the Federalists & Democratic-Republicans

  30. Democratic-Repubs Thomas Jefferson States’ rights & individual liberties Strict interpretation of the Constitution Strongest support in South & West Supported by planters & farmers Federalists Alexander Hamilton Strong central gov’t & economic planning Loose interpretation of the Constitution Strongest support in the North Supported by urban workers, merchants, & the wealthy The 1st Two-Party System Leader of the party? Beliefs about gov’t? Interpreting the Constitution? Strongest regional support? What type of American supported the party?

  31. Prompt Name 3 events of the Van Buren presidency

  32. Panic of 1837 • “Van Ruin” had no response to Panic • Strengthening of Whigs from 1836 to 1840 • Election of Harrison in 1840

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