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The Reformation Begins

This chapter delves into the roots of the Reformation, key figures like Martin Luther and Calvin, its impact on politics and religion, the English Reformation under Henry VIII and his daughters, and the global repercussions. Learn about the Counter Reformation, religious wars in France, Reformation in Spain, and the enduring legacy of this pivotal period in history.

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The Reformation Begins

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  1. The Reformation Begins Chapter 8 Get in my belly!!!!

  2. What led to the Reformation • Desire for all to read the Bible- Vernacular language • People should be good all the time- not just on Sundays “Desiderius Erasmus” • Critical of people who did anything to make money • Bishops behaved like kings • Indulgence- selling of God’s forgiveness

  3. John Wycliff • Preached that Christians needed to only recognize Jesus Christ as power and not the Pope • Worked on the first translation of the Bible to English

  4. Not you Kanye

  5. William Tyndale • Tyndale used the Hebrew and Greek translations for his • The English edition of the New Testament • Punished for his heresy and executed • Later version of this Bible became the King James Version

  6. Martin Luther • Worried about the church and its direction • Plague killing all those around him • Questioned his own faith • Prayed so hard that sometimes he fell asleep on the floor of the church • Salvation was a gift from God not something earned by doing good works • Wrote 95 arguments (Ninety-Five Theses) against the selling of indulgences

  7. I need a hammer!!! Not Hammer Time!!!

  8. New Church • Lutheran Church- First Protestant denomination • Peasant Revolt- If Martin could revolt against the church, peasants could revolt against the nobles • Nobles killed them

  9. Political Shift • Power shifts from church to Kings • Kings collected taxes when Catholic Church Left • Charles the V attacked the Papal States because they supported his rival • Also fought Germany- Northern became Protestant- South stayed Catholic • Protestant movement weakened church authority over kings

  10. Calvin • Studied Theology-study questions about God • Put in Jail for belief in Martin • Calvin’s ideas influenced- Puritans, Presbyterians • God’s will is absolute- Predestination • People worked hard, behaved well- created a stable society • King should not control church- congregations should select their own elders

  11. Impact on New Colonies • Congregation electing elders- Democratic • Stated people are governed by consent and have the right to choose their own leader • Federalism- power divided into local governments All good until----- Dress Code!!!

  12. English Reformation • Henry VIII- bishops and nobles who disagreed were imprisoned then beheaded • Wanted to divorce first wife, who was the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain- Very Catholic- therefore Pope said NO WAY!! • Henry took over the church! If you disagreed- “Off with your head” • Gave portion of land seized from Catholic church to nobles

  13. Bloody Mary • Daughter of Henry • Wanted England to become Catholic again • Burned 300 protestants at the stake! • Bloody Mary

  14. Elizabeth I • Restored the Anglican Church Queen Mary of the Scotts not Bloody Mary!

  15. Puritans • James I took over after Elizabeth I • James I and later Charles I persecuted Puritans for picking their own leaders • Fear- People would want to elect their own king • Puritans ran to the new world- Swam thanks to Andrew’s Tears- That is why the ocean is Salty Yes- you Ian (AKA Sassy!

  16. Counter Reformation • Catholic church began a campaign to regain people • Council at Trent- made beliefs clear, strict policies, and set rules for behavior of Bishops and priests • Seminary- a special school for training priests • New order created – Jesuits “Society of Jesus”- fought heresy • Founded by Ignatius of Loyola- read about Christian Saints who performed brave deeds to defend their faith

  17. Religious Wars in France • Protestants persecuted in France • Few were Protestant- Many nobles were • Catherine de Medici ruled for young Charles • Went after the Huguenots- 30 year war • Henry the IV led Huguenots and won all but Paris • Became Catholic and created The Edict of Nantes • 30 year war in France weakened Spain and Made France the big Kahuna

  18. He ate Spain! Very Tasty!

  19. Reformation in Spain • Isabella and Ferdinand got hitched • Many scholars and great thinkers- Muslims and Jews lived there • Forced to convert or leave • Maimonides- wrote books on religion, medicine and law • Ibn Gabirol- famous poet and philosopher • Spanish Inquisition headed to kill of oposition

  20. 1 • AT THE DAWN • At the dawn I seek Thee,  Rock and refuge tried,In due service speak Thee  Morn and eventide. • ‘Neath Thy greatness shrinking,  Stand I sore afraid,All my secret thinking  Bare before Thee laid. •   Little to Thy gloryHeart or tongue can do;  Small remains the story,Add we spirit too. •   Yet since man’s praise ringingMay seem good to Thee,  I will praise Thee singingWhile Thy breath’s in me.

  21. Legacy of the Reformation • Kings claimed divine right • Missionaries over seas • Francis Xavier- famous Jesuit Priest went to Japan- Later kicked out

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