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Sci. 4-4 Deforming the Earth’s Crust Page 103-109

Learn about stress, deformation, compression, tension, folding, faulting, and mountain building in the Earth’s crust. Explore types of folds, faults, and mountain formations caused by plate movements.

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Sci. 4-4 Deforming the Earth’s Crust Page 103-109

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  1. Sci. 4-4 Deforming the Earth’s Crust Page 103-109

  2. Stress- the amount of force per unit area that is put on a given material • Deformation- the change in the shape of the rock in response to stress

  3. C. Compression- squeezed together D. Tension- being stretched

  4. E. Folding- rock layers bend due to stress 1) anticline 2)synclines 3) monocline- if both ends of a fold are still horizontal after folding

  5. F. Faulting- when rocks break and slide past each other 1)footwall 2)hanging wall 3) normal fault- the hanging wall moves down- tension

  6. 4) Reverse fault- the hanging wall moves up- compression 5) Strike-slip fault- occurs when opposing forces cause rock to break and move horizontally

  7. G. Mountain building is caused by plates moving and bumping into each other

  8. 1) folded mountains- 2 rock layers squeeze together and push up

  9. 2) fault-block mountains- when faulting causes large blocks of Earth’s crust to drop down relative to other blocks.

  10. 3) Volcanic Mountains- when molten rock erupts onto the Earth’s surface

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