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What digestate is.

What digestate is. F. Adani, A. Schievano, G. D’Imporzano, F. Tambone, B. Scaglia Di.Pro.Ve. Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano fabrizio.adani@unimi.it website: http://www.diprove.unimi.it /. Anaerobic digestion is a biotechnology.

mitchell-jeremiah
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What digestate is.

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  1. What digestate is. F. Adani, A. Schievano, G. D’Imporzano, F. Tambone, B. Scaglia Di.Pro.Ve. Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano fabrizio.adani@unimi.it website: http://www.diprove.unimi.it/ F. Adani, January 24-25

  2. Anaerobic digestion is a biotechnology Biological process determines chemical and biological modification of raw materials (ingestates) Therefore………… Digestate is not Ingestate F. Adani, January 24-25

  3. So… what is digestate ? ? ? Looking for the Identikit!!!! F. Adani, January 24-25

  4. The AD process affects: Degradation Organic load Organic matter quality Nutrients Xenobiotics F. Adani, January 24-25

  5. Degradation: TS and VS mass balances; • Organic load: BOD5 and COD. • OM quality: biological stability, wet chemical and spectroscopic analyses. • Nutrients: mass balance and speciation. • Xenobiotic content: direct detection. Our approach F. Adani, January 24-25

  6. Degradation Mass balance OM reduction of 60-70% F. Adani, January 24-25

  7. Organic load COD BOD Abbattimento COD e BOD F. Adani, January 24-25

  8. OM quality • Biological stability OM degradability Degradation processes determine a concentration of recalcitrant molecules. • Biological tests • Anaerobic test; • Aerobic test. F. Adani, January 24-25

  9. Anaerobic test: potential biogas production It is a good test but it requires time ( 60 dd). F. Adani, January 24-25

  10. Anaerobic test (ABP) F. Adani, January 24-25

  11. Aerobic test: liquid state respiration index (SOUR) Cumulated O2 up-take in 20h …..it allows a strong time reduction (20h) F. Adani, January 24-25

  12. Aerobic test F. Adani, January 24-25

  13. A case study………. ingestati digestati F. Adani, January 24-25

  14. Correlation ABP vs SOUR F. Adani, January 24-25

  15. OM quality • Wet analyses • Spectroscopic analyses F. Adani, January 24-25

  16. OM quality Macromolecular composition CS (%TS) cell soluble 70-90% 40-70% F. Adani, January 24-25

  17. OM quality Macromolecular composition ADL (%TS)(Lignin, cutin, suberan, sterol) 2-8% 10-35% effetto concentrazione F. Adani, January 24-25

  18. OM quality CPMAS 13C NMR Spectroscopy Ingestate Digestate F. Adani, January 24-25

  19. Pig slurry Digested Pig slurry F. Adani, January 24-25

  20. OM quality PCA analysis F. Adani, January 24-25

  21. OM quality PCA analysis Ingenstate + - Biological stability F. Adani, January 24-25

  22. Nutrients: quantity Total N (% TS) 2-5% 5-12% F. Adani, January 24-25

  23. Nutrients: quality N-NH4 (% TS) 0-2% 2-8% F. Adani, January 24-25

  24. Nutrients: quality Organic N Costante 2-4% Recalcitrant??? F. Adani, January 24-25

  25. Elemento Value Bio solid limit Compost limits Cd (mg/kg s.s.) 0.21 20 1.5 Hg (mg/kg s.s.) 1.19 10 1.5 Ni (mg/kg s.s.) 12.48 300 100 Pb (mg/kg s.s.) 18.16 750 140 Cu (mg/kg s.s.) 49.58 1000 230 Zn (mg/kg s.s.) 74.83 2500 500 Cr III (mg/kg s.s.) 1.16 750 - As (mg/kg s.s.) 0.05 10 - Cr VI (mg/kg s.s.) 0.08 10 0.5 Xenobiotic Heavy metals Example of digestate analysis: Metal F. Adani, January 24-25

  26. Hygienic parameters absent n.i. = not indicated F. Adani, January 24-25

  27. Digestate: theIdentikit OM Low organic load Medium biological stability Presence of humus-precursor molecules Nutrient content High N content; High agronomic value. Xenobiotic content Very Low F. Adani, January 24-25

  28. Digestate: theIdentikit Amendment properties Fertilizer properties High quality Hygienic product F. Adani, January 24-25

  29. Digestate needs to be qualified………. F. Adani, January 24-25

  30. ….… a proposal Limits needed for: • Biological stability • Hygienic parameters • Heavy metal contents 1.Environmental and human protection: F. Adani, January 24-25

  31. ..…. a proposal Parameters should be indicated: • N-tot and N-NH4; • P; • K; • OM. • Moisture content 2. Agronomic use: F. Adani, January 24-25

  32. Thank you Dipartimento di Produzione VegetaleUniversità degli Studi di Milano F. Adani, January 24-25

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