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Exploring the Sun and Moon: Inner Workings and Fascinating Phases

Uncover the secrets of the Sun, from its interior structure to solar magnetism, and delve into the captivating phases of the Moon. Learn about gravity, tides, and eclipses as you journey through the wonders of our celestial bodies.

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Exploring the Sun and Moon: Inner Workings and Fascinating Phases

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  1. The Sun Voyager Missions James Webb Telescope

  2. Physical Properties of the Sun Interior structure of the Sun: Note Dimensions

  3. The Sun’s Atmosphere Spectral analysis only in the chromosphere and photosphere show 67 different elements:

  4. Solar Magnetism Sunspots: Appear dark because slightly cooler than surroundings

  5. Solar Magnetism Sunspots come and go, typically in a few days. Sunspots are linked by pairs of magnetic field lines:

  6. Solar Magnetism Sunspots originate when magnetic field lines are distorted by Sun’s differential rotation.

  7. Solar Magnetism Sun has an 11-year sunspot cycle, during which sunspot numbers rise, fall, and then rise again.

  8. The Heart of the Sun Nuclear fusion is the energy source for the Sun. In general, nuclear fusion works like this: H + H  He

  9. The Heart of the Sun Nuclear fusion requires that like-charged nuclei get close enough to fuse. Happen at temperature over 10 million K.

  10. The Heart of the Sun Sun must convert 4.3 million tons of matter into energy every second. Sun has enough hydrogen left to continue fusion for about another 5 billion years.

  11. Earth’s Movement & The Moon “One small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”

  12. Rotation Revolution Earth turning on its axis (once every 24 hrs.) earth moving around the sun (once every year.) earth’s path is called an orbit. A. How Earth Moves

  13. B. Seasons Draw the diagram below: Equinox Solstice Solstice Equinox

  14. Astronomy Essential Question?? What is the most basic reaction that happens in the sun?

  15. Shadows Umbra Penumbra Are cast by any opaque object. Has two parts. Is the total shadow Is the partial shadow surrounding the umbra. Parts of an Eclipses

  16. Occurs when the moon moves into Earth’s umbra Earth gets in the way of the sun’s light hitting the moon This can make the moon look reddish Total Lunar Eclipses

  17. Solar Eclipses Occur when the umbra reaches earth’s surface and casts a dark shadow on Earth Greatest width is 269 km Sun’s corona and chromo sphere are visible

  18. C. Gravity • Gravity: Force that attracts all objects toward each other • Mass : more mass = stronger force • distance: increase the distance between objects = weaker force • Tides • Tides occur mainly because of differences in the force of gravity between the moon and different parts of Earth

  19. Moon’s Movements The moon turns once on its axis in the same time period it orbits once around the Earth. So the same side of the moon always faces the Earth. We only see the front side of the moon

  20. Appearance Light areas Dark areas Light and Dark areas. Are lunarHighlands. Great Basins and flat plains named Maria. latin word for sea. Galileo thought they were filled with water.

  21. Origin and History of the moon Formed 4.6 Billion years ago from a collision between earth and a mars-sized object Great showers of rock particles bombarded the moons surface. Created large and small basins.

  22. Phases of the Moon Daily changes in the moon's appearance. Moon phases occur for two reasons. One is that the moon is seen by reflected sunlight. Two the moon is in orbit around the Earth. Moons Phases

  23. 2. Phases of the Moon- phase is the shape of the moon by the light. It depends on how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth • New moon- completely dark • Full moon- fully lit • Waxing- getting fuller/lighter (follows new moon) • Waning- getting darker (follows full moon) Gibbous Quarter Crescent

  24. Phases of the moon • From Earth, the face of the moon changes from all dark to all light or from new moon to full moon in about two weeks. • During this time the moon is said to be WAXING or getting brighter and larger. • After the full moon phase the moon will appear to start to shrink or less of the moon’s surface is visible after each night. • During this time until there is no moon visible the moon is said to be WANING • Video: http://viewpure.com/nXseTWTZlks

  25. New moon Waxing Crescent WaningCrescent Waxing quarter Waningquarter Waxing gibbous Waning Gibbous Full Moon

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