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Earth Study 360 Technology overview. ES360 Components. Full Azimuth Illumination EarthStudy 360 Imaging EarthStudy 360 Processor and Visualization Full Azimuth Anisotropic Tomography Full Azimuth Residual Moveouts Full Azimuth AVA Inversion. Components.
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ES360 Components • Full Azimuth Illumination • EarthStudy 360 Imaging • EarthStudy 360 Processor and Visualization • Full Azimuth Anisotropic Tomography • Full Azimuth Residual Moveouts • Full Azimuth AVA Inversion Components
Full Azimuth Decomposition and Imaging EarthStudy 360™ incident ray reflected ray REFLECTION DATA g g Half opening angle Opening Azimuth 1 2 DIRECTIONAL DATA n Dip of ray-pair inward normal 1 n Azimuth of ray-pair inward normal 2
Two Types of 3D Image Angle Gathers Directional Dip and azimuth Reflection Opening angle and opening angle azimuth
Deliverables -ES360 Imager Directional Gather • Specular Energy Weighted Stack – Final Image • Diffraction Energy Weighted Stack – Fracture and small scale fault detection • Dip and Azimuth Volumes for Tomography or Curvature Analysis Deliverables
Deliverables -ES360 Imager Reflection Gather • Full Azimuth Angle Gathers used for kinematic and dynamic analysis Deliverables
Deliverables- AVAZ • Full Azimuth AVA Inversion • Isotropic Gradient and Anisotropic Gradient Volumes • Fracture Density and Fracture Orientation Volumes • Fastvel • Delta2 and Fracture Orientation Volumes Deliverables
Deliverables HTI Inversion • HTI Kinematic Inversion • HTI Delta2 Map (fracture intensity map) • HTI Axis of Symmetry Map (normal to the fracture plane) • HTI Reliability Map Deliverables
Directional Angle Gathers Deliverables Focal mechanism able to discriminate between specular and diffraction waves • Specular energy weighted stack • Diffraction energy weighted stack • Structural attributes dip, azimuth and continuity, directly from the directional angle gathers Deliverables 9
EarthStudy 360 – Full Azimuth Directional Data Azimuth Continuity Dip Specular Stack FULL AZIMUTH DIP GATHER Deliverables
Depth Migrated Section from 3D Transition Area a) Directional angle decomposition followed by normal stack b) Image in the same area with specular energy weighted stack Deliverables
Diffraction ImagingFractured Carbonate Reservoir in East Siberia Scattered Energy Hard Taper Scattered Energy Soft Taper Migrated Slice Deliverables 12
Reflection Angle GathersDeliverables • Full Azimuth Velocity Analysis - Tomography • High Resolution Velocity Analysis - Tomography • Kinematic HTI Inversion • Reservoir characterization, fracture detection, and elastic parameters analysis/inversion (AVAZ) Deliverables
Example of Residual Surface along ES360 Gathers- High resolution updates Automatic picking of delays on full azimuth angle gathers using the Poisson Picker Deliverables
ES360 Reflection Gather – 2D Display ES360 Visualizer Gather panel colored by opening angle Gather panel colored by Azimuth Deliverables
Kinematic HTI Inversion • Base carbonate carries classic signature of HTI anisotropy Deliverables
Kinematic HTI Inversion • Kinematics: Deliverables
Dynamic - Fracture Detection Deliverables a) Normal Incidence b) Gradient c) Anisotropic Gradient a) Fracture Orientation b) Fracture Density Deliverables
Surface Sectors Multi -Azimuth • How many sectors ? • What is the correct azimuth sector ? Offset Y Offset X
Surface Sectors Multi -Azimuth • How many sectors ? • What azimuthal aperture ? • What azimuthal aperture ? Offset Y Offset X
Benefit • Fracture system detection • High resolution Velocity Analysis • Enhanced Specular Images • Dense Ray Tracer • Rich seismic information • Uniform sub-surface illumination
Benefit • Surface solution to a subsurface problem • Multi – Azimuth requires a migration of each sector • No HTI Inversion