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Compressed Earth Technology

Compressed Earth Technology. Douglas S. Applegate, P.E . d ouglas.s.applegate@usace.army.mil Project Manager Contingency Standards Branch Middle East District 9 August 2014. Problem Statement. Populations from 20 to 60 personnel Non-permissive environment Sites are continuously occupied

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Compressed Earth Technology

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  1. Compressed Earth Technology Douglas S. Applegate, P.E. douglas.s.applegate@usace.army.mil Project Manager Contingency Standards Branch Middle East District 9 August 2014

  2. Problem Statement • Populations from 20 to 60 personnel • Non-permissive environment • Sites are continuously occupied • Minimal to no Heavy Equipment use during construction • Access • Small 4x4 vehicles due to location or security • Helicopters possible 6000#/lift • Donkeys, carts, etc • Foot • Utilities • None • Minimize petroleum use • Minimize electrical use • No WWTP • Water imported

  3. Requirements Amplification • Site Features • Entire site to be gravel pavement • Parking for 6 vehicles (20 man) • Exterior wall 3m high • 30m x30m nominal size • 20-60 man population • Utilities • Water (two options) • No well • Bladder 80L/person truck filled • Well (optional) future • 2 GPM 24VDC pump • Hand pump • Sewage collection • No requirement • Power • 30 kW Genset x2 • Solar • Wind • LED Lighting • Electric water heaters (14.4 kW) • Heat • Wood • Electric (heat and cooking) • LP (cooking)

  4. Requirements Amplification • ADMIN/OPS • 30 pers 480 sf • Minimum span 2m • Weapon storage 64 sf • Ballistic protected • Barracks 60 pers • 40 pers open bay • 14 two man rooms • 6 one man rooms • Wood heat • Latrine • DC rated wall heaters • Hygiene area (enclosed) ablution • 10 pers 160 sf • Gravity water w/spigots • Outdoor covered/fenced storage 400 sf • Pole barn 4 m height minimum 2m span • Fuel point • 50 gal drum w hand pump • 2m high wall w locking gate • DFAC • 20 pers per meal shift • Wood fuel heat • Indoor food prep 180 sf • AC electricity • Tankless electric WHs 14.4kW • Two LP fuel grills (turkey fryer) • Outdoor food prep • Two wood fuel grills • Three walls and roof • Guard House • 2 pers 100 sf • Crew served weapons ports • Ballistic protected • One at each corner of perimeter wall • ECP Guard House • 2 pers 100 sf • Crew served weapons ports • Ballistic protected

  5. Proposed Goals of TAM Solution Set • Site features • Structures contain no removable or useful pilferable materials • No gravel on site due to weight and IED concerns • Scalable based on population • Structures • Minimal skilled labor for construction • Minimal imported materials • Minimize footprint • Walls are hardened earth • Roofs are metal trusses • Ballistic protection provided • Minimize weight to be transported • All materials donkey transportable • Utilities • All are man portable and removable • Minimize petroleum use • Minimize electrical load • Water bladders • Minimize sewage collection

  6. Compressed Earth Blocks • Blocks manufactured on site with local labor (if available) • Imported materials • Cement • Rebar • Machines • Fuel • Water • Roof System

  7. Compressed Earth Blocks

  8. Rammed Earth

  9. Rammed Earth

  10. Proposed Design Options • Exterior walls • Constructed of masonry • Compressed Earth Blocks • Rammed earth • Ballistic Protection • RPG net • Utilities • Electricity - solar or wind • Heat – wood • Cooking – wood • Lighting – LED • Water – gravity fed, wood heated • Black and gray water – cess pool

  11. The Past This stove weighs 42 pounds and has an water tank available This stove weighs 35 pounds including the collapsible pipe This device increase the heat output of the stove and attaches to the flue pipe. This stove weighs 38 pounds and has an water tank available

  12. The Future This system weighs 125 pounds, stores 1250 Whrs and includes USB, DC 12V, AC inverter power. This light weighs 1.4 pounds and can charge other devices This system weighs 34 pounds, generates up to 1600W and fits on a 1.5 inch pipe This armor is a kevlar net with cubes of metal attached. It has been combat proven to defeat RPG’s. This system weighs 16 pounds

  13. Items in Common • Lighting This light weighs 1.4 pounds and can charge other devices

  14. Items in Common • RPG Q-Net This armor is a kevlar net with cubes of metal attached. It has been combat proven to defeat RPG’s.

  15. Relative Construction Durations • Twenty person camp – Hours per facility based on 5 person crew • CEB – Compressed Earth Block 90 sf/hour • RE – Rammed Earth 120 sf/hour CEB rate does not included production of blocks. Block production is nominally 200/hour. Surface area is 0.38 sf/block Approximately 3 block per sf

  16. Parametric Cost Estimate • Twenty person camp - CEB

  17. 60 Man Camp

  18. 60 Man Camp

  19. 60 Man Camp

  20. 60 Man Camp

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