Causes and Events of the Civil War

1. Review… • Causes of the Civil War • Slavery • States’ rights • Westward Expansion • Compromise of 1850 • Kansas-Nebraska Act • John Brown’s Raid • Election of 1860

2. TheCivil War(1861-1865)

3. 1860PresidentialElection √Abraham LincolnRepublican John BellConstitutional Union Stephen A. DouglasNorthern Democrat John C. BreckinridgeSouthern Democrat

4. Election of 1860 and Secession

6. Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860

7. North vs. South in 1861

8. Rating the North & the South The North outmatched the South in population and industrial output

9. Railroad Lines, 1860

10. Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

11. The Leaders of the Confederacy Pres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander Stevens

12. Overviewofthe North’sCivil WarStrategy: “Anaconda”Plan – cut off supplies from entering and leaving the South

13. The “Anaconda” Plan

14. Lincoln’s Generals – Lincoln struggled to find good military minds Winfield Scott Joseph Hooker Ulysses S. Grant Irwin McDowell George McClellan George Meade Ambrose Burnside George McClellan,Again!

15. McClellan: I Can Do It All!

16. The Confederate Generals “Stonewall” Jackson Nathan Bedford Forrest George Pickett Jeb Stuart James Longstreet Robert E. Lee

17. Fort Sumter (April 1861) – First shots fired The South fires on a Union fort after Lincoln tries to send them supplies. The North leaves and prepares for war.

18. Battle of Bull Run (1st Manassas)

19. Bull Run was the first real battle and an embarrassing defeat for the North Thomas Jonathan Jackson becomes “Stonewall” Jackson for his demeanor at Bull Run

20. Battle of Antietam“Bloodiest Single Day of the War” September 17, 1862 23,000 casualties

21. Antietam: Turning point • 1. first major victory for the North • 2. enables Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation

22. Freeing of the Slaves On September 22, 1862, 5 days after the Battle of Antietam, President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation

23. Lincoln’s ultimatum • Lincoln warned the Confederate states to end the war, return to the Union, and end 244 years of slavery • The South declined, and on January 1, 1863 slaves were freed in the rebellious states

24. Emancipation- not in the border states

25. The War in the West, 1863: Vicksburg • Victory at Vicksburg gives the Union control of the Mississippi River • Siege lasts May 16-July 4, 1863

26. Gettysburg Casualties • Gettysburg is the other great turning point in the war. The South will not launch another attack in the north. • The great Army of Northern Virginia led by Robert E. Lee severely weakened

28. Gettysburg Address “Those who have died shall not have died in vain…Government of, by and for the people shall not perish from this earth.” – Abraham Lincoln

29. Sherman’s March to the Sea – 1864 • William T. Sherman • City of Atlanta burned to the ground • ‘Scorched Earth’ tactics • Destroy raillines, crops and homes • Final blow to the South • Sherman gives Savannah to Lincoln for Christmas, 1864

33. The Progress of War: 1861-1865

34. Appomattox • April 9, 1865: Lee surrenders to Grant • Bloodiest war fought on U.S. soil = over

35. Surrender at AppomattoxApril 9, 1865

36. Civil War Casualties in Comparison to Other Wars

37. Second Inaugural Address • “Scourge of war” brought upon by God as punishment for slavery • Encouraged cooperation between North and South • Has lenient reconstruction plans for the South

38. Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

39. The Assassin John Wilkes Booth

40. The Assassination

43. Now He Belongs to the Ages!

44. The Execution

45. Lincoln in wartime • Lincoln expanded Presidential powers to accomplish his goals • Suspended habeas corpus to prevent Maryland from seceding (arresting pro-slavery leaders) • Military actions without consent of congress • Censorship of speech and press • Retroactively made some actions legal through congress