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The Law of Guarantees

The Law of Guarantees . ITALIAN GOVERNMENT becomes anti-Catholic New relations between Church and state Pontiff granted use of Vatican, Lateran, Castle Gandolfo Pope retains all honor/immunities of sovereign Pope granted ability to appoint all Italian Bishops. Bl. Pope Pius IX.

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The Law of Guarantees

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  1. The Law of Guarantees • ITALIAN GOVERNMENT becomes anti-Catholic • New relations between Church and state • Pontiff granted use of Vatican, Lateran, Castle Gandolfo • Pope retains all honor/immunities of sovereign • Pope granted ability to appoint all Italian Bishops

  2. Bl. Pope Pius IX • Refused the Law of Guarantees. • He locked himself up inside the Vatican • Issued the decree that forbade Catholics from participating in Italian political process • The pope remained inside the Vatican until 1929

  3. Bismarck’s Germany: Nationalism • Overcame Catholic/Protestant divisions • Catholics obstacle to new empire • Catholics opposed military regime

  4. Germany’s “Falk Laws” • Catholic Schools/seminaries placed under state control • Prohibited religious orders from teaching • Expelled Jesuit order from Germany • Priests/Bishops who did not acknowledge would be fined/imprisoned

  5. The Third Republic of France • All religious communities were banned • Salaries were withheld from priests • Church officials were banned from the boards of charitable organizations • Soldiers could not join Catholic organizations

  6. Leo XIII: The Church Confronts a Changing World Part VI

  7. Pope Leo XIII • Traditional • Successful and popular diocesan Bishop • Spoke positively about the advancements of modern science

  8. Charles Darwin • Future of humanity is determined by “survival of the fittest” • Economic/racial superiority leads to the advance and perfection of the human race

  9. Karl Marx • Communism • Religion is “the opiate of the masses” • Church Response: Subsidiarity - decisions should be made at the lowest social level appropriate to the issue

  10. Sigmund Freud • Model of the human person attributed behavior to instincts rather than to freely made bad or good choices • Reduces the person to nothing more than a glorified animal

  11. Rerum novarumPope Leo XIII • Refutation of the principles of Socialism • Acquisition of private is an intrinsic right of every human being who is called by God to use his own material resources for his own benefit and welfare • Loss of private ownership could cause harm to the human family • Only when there is recognition of our Common Father can a just society be formed • Both classes have duties to each other

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