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Collecting Quantitative Data. Creswell Chapter 6. Who Will You Study?. Identify unit of analysis Specify population Describe sampling approach Class = convenience sample Describe relevant characteristics. Permissions. IRB – VSU and administrator Student assent Parent consent
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Collecting Quantitative Data Creswell Chapter 6
Who Will You Study? • Identify unit of analysis • Specify population • Describe sampling approach • Class = convenience sample • Describe relevant characteristics
Permissions • IRB – VSU and administrator • Student assent • Parent consent • Colleague assent
What for? • Any activity outside normal instruction • Activities • Survey/questionnaires • Interview • Audio or video records • Use of student work samples
What information? • Consider RQs • Consider triangulation • Three Es • Consider covariates • Disaggregated subgroups • Include field notes
Types of Measures • Performance • Attitude – self-report • Behavior - observable • Facts - archival
What Instruments? • Locating an instrument (p.160) • Standardized test prep CRCT • Norm-referenced STAR • Widely used instrument AR, DIBELS • Used in research • Creating an instrument
Reliability • Scores are stable & consistent • Test-retest • Alternative forms • Split half • Inter-rater
Threats to Reliability • Questions or tasks are unclear • Data collection procedures are unclear • Assessment criteria are unclear • Student factors
Validity • Assessment • Makes sense • Is meaningful • Measures what is intended
Types of Validity • Content • Items represent target • Criterion • Scores related to outcomes • Construct • Scores are meaningful and fullfil purpose
Threats to Validity • Poor research design • Poorly designed assessments • Irrelevant assessments • Inability to predict • Participant factors
Scales of Measurement • Nominal (categories) • Ordinal (ranking) • Interval e.g. Likert • Ratio (true zero)
Administration • Standardize procedures • Use written protocols • Record field notes ASAP • Ethics • Permission • Anonymity & confidentiality