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Hydrates of carbon molecules Main function is to provide energy

Carbohydrates. Hydrates of carbon molecules Main function is to provide energy Categories of carbohydrates include Simple Carbohydrates (sugars) Monosaccharide disaccharides Complex Carbohydrates (starches and fiber) polysaccharides. Simple Carbohydrates: Monosaccharide.

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Hydrates of carbon molecules Main function is to provide energy

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  1. Carbohydrates • Hydrates of carbon molecules • Main function is to provide energy • Categories of carbohydrates include • Simple Carbohydrates (sugars) • Monosaccharide • disaccharides • Complex Carbohydrates (starches and fiber) • polysaccharides

  2. Simple Carbohydrates: Monosaccharide • ________________ C6H12O6 • _______________________________ • ______________

  3. Yellow= hydrogen, Green= oxygen, Pink= carbon

  4. Simple Carbohydrates: _________________ • sugar made of _____ _________________ bonded together • Examples: Sucrose, maltose, lactose • Sucrose is made of a covalent bond between __________ and _____________ • C12H22O11 • Required Dehydration

  5. Lose H2O, left with shared O

  6. Sugars in Food __________________ is the application of heat to break down sugars • _____________ is the formation of crystals. • Important for many candies like fudge and fondant.

  7. ________ Carbohydrates: Cellulose • Humans cannot digest • A ________________ made of _________________ • Makes up dietary fiber

  8. __________ Carbohydrates: Starch • Starch is a type of ________________ • Made up of a chain of thousands of glucose molecules • Store energy in plants • Gelatinizes between 140-158°

  9. Lipids • Form in which animals store ____________ • Fats can come from both ________ and _______ sources • Most lipids are fats or oil

  10. http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-is-fat-george-zaidan

  11. Triglycerides are made up of glycerol and 3 chains of __________ ____________ are fats that can be solid or liquid Fatty acids can be ___________ or ____________ Fatty acids with only single bonds between carbons are called ______________ and are generally _______ for you Fatty acids with at least one double bond are called ________________ and are _________ for you The two forms of unsaturated fat are __________ and _________ Which form is

  12. fatty acids • Affect flavor and smell of foods ______________ Fats _____________ fats ______________ Have some health benefits _______ at room temperature • _______________ • Should be consumed in moderation • _________ at room temperature • May be cis or trans fat

  13. Proteins • Proteins are ____________________________ • The characteristics of a protein are determined by the _____________________________________ • There are _____________that can be found in proteins • The amino acid bond is a peptide bond between a molecule from the __________ group (-NH2) and a molecule from the ___________ group (-COOH)

  14. Primary Structure: Sequence of a ____________________ Secondary Protein Structure: Occurs when the sequence of amino acids are ____________ ________________________ Tertiary Protein Structure: Occurs when certain attractions are present between alpha helices and pleated sheets Quaternary Protein Structure: A protein Consisting of more than one amino acid _______

  15. Minerals • A mineral is an element found in small amounts in the body. • Minerals are essential in skeleton growth and necessary for body systems to function properly.

  16. Macro vs Micro • There are two groups of minerals. • ____________________ (or majorminerals) • ____________________ (or trace minerals)

  17. Vitamins • A vitamin is an __________ substance needed in small quantities to perform specific functions. • They do not ____________, but are necessary in _____________. • Vitamins aid the body by assisting to regulate body functions, keeping the body healthy, and developing resistance to diseases.

  18. What is the importance of vitamins as a nutrient? • Vitamins are in one of two groups. • ____________ vitamins are stored in ___________ and released as they are needed by the body. • These include vitamins ________________ • ______________are dissolved by __________ and need to be consumed every day. • They include vitamin _______and _______________.

  19. ADEK

  20. Water • ___________________________________ __________________________________ • The ________________- dissolves many substances • Water also promotes biochemical processes. • All biochemical reactions in the body require water. • Water is a major component of cells, blood, and body tissues.

  21. Phytochemicals • Chemicals made by plants to serve a function such as _____________________ ___________________________________ • Many have health benefits for humans • Found in fruits and veggies • _________________________ • Help prevent the formation of carcinogens (cancer-producing substances) • Reduce cholesterol levels • Help move food through your intestinal tract

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