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Understanding Organic Molecules: Carbon Skeletons & Functional Groups

Explore the role of carbon in organic molecules, including its ability to form diverse functional groups and carbon skeletons. Learn about monomers, polymers, and the four main categories of large molecules in living cells.

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Understanding Organic Molecules: Carbon Skeletons & Functional Groups

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  1. Carbon is the main ingredient of organic molecules Ch. 5.1

  2. Carbon Skeletons and Functional Groups • Carbon is found in ___________________ • Can _______________________________ • Can ____________________with other atoms • When bonding with other atoms, forms a ______________________________ • ____________________________ any __________________ molecule • Molecules without carbon are called __________________________ • Ex. _____________

  3. Carbon Skeletons

  4. Organic molecules of _____________ and _______________  ________________ • Ex: fuels like methane (______________) • http://portal.lions.k12.ar.us/tjones/physci/Photos/Methane-Molecule.gif

  5. ________________________ group of atoms in a molecule that act in ___________ ways with _________________________ • Need to know the structures! • The ____________________________ group determine the ________________ of organic molecules • Ex. ___________________  water-______ (attracted to H2O) and ________________ → water-____________ (repelled by H2O)

  6. Functional group diagrams

  7. Monomers and Polymers • _____________ are small molecular units

  8. Chain of monomers _______________ • http://www.gcsescience.com/Pentanol.gif

  9. When a monomer is _______________; ____________________________is _____________________ (_______________ REACTION) • When a monomer is __________________; ___________________________________ (__________________ REACTION) • “hydro” = ______________ • “lysis” = ________________

  10. http://www.yellowtang.org/images/dehydration_hydroly_c_la_784.jpghttp://www.yellowtang.org/images/dehydration_hydroly_c_la_784.jpg

  11. 4 main categories for large molecules • Every living cell has thousands of different kinds of ________________ • Life’s large molecules: • ______________________ • ______________________ • ______________________ • ______________________

  12. Concept Check • 1. Draw a molecule that has a 3-C skeleton and a hydroxyl group in the middle carbon • 2. Explain the connection between monomers and polymers

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