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Over Here. Objectives… Summarize the effect of World War I on the American home front. “unprecedented control of civilian life and the economy”. Over Here.
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Over Here Objectives… Summarize the effect of World War I on the American home front. “unprecedented control of civilian life and the economy”
Over Here Objectives…Describe the effects of World War I on the American… -economy, -society, -government, -business -and the labor force.
The Economy • Production up 33% • No unemployment • Inflation, but wages up • No strikes
Organizing the Economy 21) The War Industries Board… • Coordinated the purchase of war supplies. • Encouraged companies to eliminate waste & increase efficiency • Set production quotas Bernard Baruch
22) The Food Administration… Herbert Hoover “Go back to simple food, simple clothes, simple pleasure”
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Changes in social behaviors… • Cigarette consumption up 600% Moral Reforms… • The Prohibition Movement… • The 18th Amendment gains momentum – Why? • Anti-Prostitution Laws
23) Raising the Money • WW I costs $33 billion • Money was raised two ways…
The Business of War 24) What was the war time trend towards a bureaucratic state and greater federal presence?
Labor & the War 25) Organized labors response to the war… 26) Governments response to labor…
The National War Labor Board 26) What did S. Gompers & the NWLB accomplish? - Headed by Samuel Gompers - Arbitrated disputes between labor & management to ensure productivity for war production. - Disbanded in 1919.
Over Here Objective…Describe how WW I reshaped the role of women in American society.
The U.S. Department of LaborWomen In Industry Service (WIS) • The WIS… • Encourages businesses to us female labor. • Advises companies on how to use female labor. • Attempts to improve working conditions for women… 8hr day, equal pay, rest periods, lunch breaks, providing restrooms.
Women at Work • The “women’s sphere” in society… 29)What effect did the war production have on women workers…
Women’s Suffrage 31) What happened to jobs for women at the war’s end? • 32) How did World War I advance the cause of women’s suffrage & the status of women?… • 19th Amendment (1920)…
Prohibition 34) Describe how the war helped the passage of the 18th Amendment?
Public Health 35) How did wartime mobilization bring greater government involvement with public health issues? What was the government response to the influenza epidemic?