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Anatomical Position and Body Cavities

Anatomical Position and Body Cavities. Word Parts. Abdomin (o): abdomen Acr (o): extremities Anter (o): anterior, towards the front Blephar (o): eyelid Caud (o): tail, lower portion Cephal (o): head Chir (o): hand Crani (o): skull Dactyl(o): digits (fingers and toes) Pyr (o): fire.

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Anatomical Position and Body Cavities

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  1. Anatomical Position and Body Cavities

  2. Word Parts • Abdomin(o): abdomen • Acr(o): extremities • Anter(o): anterior, towards the front • Blephar(o): eyelid • Caud(o): tail, lower portion • Cephal(o): head • Chir(o): hand • Crani(o): skull • Dactyl(o): digits (fingers and toes) • Pyr(o): fire

  3. Word parts • Dist(o), tel(e): distant • Dors(o): back side, • Encephal(o): brain • Gigant(o): large • Gram(o): record • Infer(o): inferior, below • Kinesi(o): movement • Later(o): side • Medi(o): middle • My(o): muscle

  4. Word Parts • Omphal(o): umbilicus, navel • Pelv(i): pelvis • Periton(o): peritoneum • Poster(o): posterior, toward the back • Proxim(o): near • Som(a), somat(o): body • Spin(o): spine • Super(o): superior, uppermost • Throac(o): thorax (chest) • Ventr(o): ventral, belly

  5. Prefixes • Anti- = against • Bi- = two • Brady- = slow • Dys- = bad, painful, difficult • En- = in or inside • Mega- = large • Tachy- = fast • Uni- = one

  6. Suffixes • -ad: toward • -dynia: pain • -eal: pertaining to • -gram: record • -graph: recording instrument • -graphy: process of recording • -itis: inflammation • -megaly: enlargement

  7. Suffixes • -osis: condition, disease • -pathy: disease • -plasty: surgical repair • -pnea: breathing • -spasm: cramp or twitching • -chondria: cartilage

  8. Anatomic Position • AnatomicPosition: Body is erect and facing forward with the arms at the sides and palms toward the front and toes pointing forward

  9. Anatomic Position • Anterior: nearer to the front • Posterior: toward the back • Superior: above or uppermost • Inferior: below • Cephalic: toward the head • Caudal: toward the tail end • Distal: furthest away from the point of attachment • Ventral: belly side or front • Dorsal: toward the back • Lateral: toward one side

  10. Anatomic Position • Posteroanterior: from the back to the front • Anteroposterior: from the front to the back of • Proximal: nearest to the point of attachment

  11. Body Planes • Frontal or Coronal Plane: divides the body into anterior and posterior planes • Transverse plane: divides body into superior and inferior halves • Sagittal plane: divides the body in to equal left and right halves

  12. Body Cavities • The abdominal cavity is divided into 4 quadrants • RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

  13. Epi- : above • Gastric: pertaining to the stomach • Hypo- : below • Ilium: largest hip bone • Chondriac: pertaining to cartilage

  14. Body Cavities

  15. Body Cavities • Peritoneum: a mucous membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities and secretes a fluid to lubricate organs • Parietal: situated near the top and to the side • Parietalperitoneum: lines the abdominal cavity • Viscera: organs located inside body cavities • Visceral peritoneum: lines the pelvic cavity • Visceral: • Ascites: abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

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