Medical Emergencies

1. Medical Emergencies

2. Medical Emergencies • Breathing problems • Choking in an Adult • Allergic Reactions • Heart Attack • Fainting • Diabetes and Low Blood Sugar • Stroke • Seizure • Shock

3. Breathing Problems Signs: • Breathing very fast or very slowly • Having trouble with every breath • Noisy breathing • Difficulty speaking

4. Assembling and Using an Inhaler • Shake medicine • Put medicine in chamber • Remove cap from mouthpiece • Attach spacer • Tilt head back slightly and have breathe out slowly • Put inhaler or spacer in person’s mouth • Push down top of medicine. • Have person breathe IN slowly and deeply as you push down • Have person hold breath for 10 sec.

5. Action: Breathing Problems • Ask person if they have medicine • Ask person if you have the right medicine 3.Assemble and use inhaler 4. Phone 911 if: -No inhaler -Does not get better -Breathing issues get worse • Stay with person until help arrives

6. 2. Choking in an Adult 2 forms: • Mild • Severe • Mild Signs: -Person can make sounds -Can cough loudly Action: • Stand by and let them cough • Phone 911 if worried about their breathing 2. Severe Signs: -Cannot breathe -Has cough that has no sound -Cannot talk -Making choking sign Action: • Act quickly • Follow steps for choking adult

7. Severe Choking: What you should do **First Perform 5 BACK BLOWS to victim. Then………………… Perform Heimlich Maneuver 1. Ask are you choking? -If nods yes, tell them you are going to help 2. Get behind victim 3. Wrap arms around them so hands are in front 4. Make a FIST with one hand 5. Put thumb side above belly button (well below breastbone) 6. Grasp fist with your other hand 7. Give QUICK, upward thrusts into abdomen

8. When to stop Heimlich Maneuver Give thrusts until: -object forced out -person can breathe -person can talk -person can talk -stops responding

9. Modifications for Heimlich • Child • -Give less pressure in upward thrust • Infant • -Hold baby face down on forearm • -Give back blows until object clears • Pregnant women -Give chest thrusts instead • Alone -Use chair

10. 3. Allergic Reactions Occur from: 1. Many foods Ex. Nuts, eggs, shellfish 2. Insect bites and stings -Ex. Bees, wasps Can be MILD or SEVERE

11. Signs of Mild Signs of Severe Allergic Reaction Allergic Reaction • Trouble breathing • Swelling of the tongue and face • Signs of shock • Stuffy nose • Sneezing • Itching around eyes • Itching of skin • Raised, red rash on skin

12. Severe Allergic Reaction(end at 1:27)Action: What you should do Steps: • Scene is safe • Phone 911 • Ask if victim has Epipen • Help them get it and use it • If person unable and you are trained, use it • Rub the injection spot for 10 sec. • Dispose of pen • Note time of injection • Wait for help to arrive

13. Basic Info Heart disease is single biggest cause of death in U.S. First minutes of a heart attack are most important Signs Chest discomfort Pain in arms, neck, back, or abdomen Shortness of breath Cold sweat Nausea Vomiting Light-headedness 4. Heart Attack

14. Action: Heart Attack • Make sure person stays calm and rests • Phone 911 • Get first aid kit and AED • See if person needs CPR, If yes, give CPR

15. - Short period when a person stops responding for less than a minute and then feels fine Signs/Causes Standing without moving for a long time Has heart condition Suddenly stands after squatting or bending Receives bad news 5. Fainting

16. Action: Fainting • Make sure scene is safe • Help person lie flat on the floor • Phone 911 if no improvement in symptoms

17. Students save Teacher’s Life

18. Diabetes -disease that affects levels of sugar in blood Type 1: Any age (Insulin Dependent) Type 2: Overweight (Insulin Resistant) Blurry vision Excess thirst Fatigue Frequent urination Hunger Weight loss 6. Diabetes and Low Blood Sugar

19. Low Blood Sugar Signs • A change in behavior • Sleepiness or not responding • Hunger, thirst or weakness • Sweating, pale skin

20. Steps: If person can sit up and swallow, give them something that contains sugar to eat or drink Have them sit quietly or lie down Phone 911 Action: Low Blood Sugar Good sources for treatment of low blood sugar -Juice -Milk -Sugar tablets -Honey

21. 7. Stroke • Occurs when blood stops flowing to part of the brain • Can happen due to blocked blood vessel in brain

22. Sudden numbness or weakness in face, arm or leg (especially on one side) Sudden confusion Trouble speaking Trouble seeing Loss of balance Sudden and severe headache with no known cause Stroke: Warning Signs

23. Action: Stroke Steps: • Scene is safe • Phone 911 • Get first aid kit and AED • Note time when signs of stroke first appeared • See if person needs CPR • Apply if needed or wait for EMS to arrive

24. Basic Info Abnormal electrical activity in the brain Medical condition called “epilepsy” often causes seizures Some seizures occur when the heart suddenly stops beating Other causes: Head Injury Low Blood Sugar Heat-related injury Poisons 8. Seizure

25. Signs of Seizure • Lose muscle control • Fall to the ground • Rapid movement of arms, legs or other parts of body • Stop responding

26. During a seizure: 1. Protect person by.. -moving furniture or other objects out of way -Placing small towel under person’s head if its easy to do so 2. Phone 911 After a seizure: See if person needs CPR Stay with person until help arrives If person is vomiting or has fluids in mouth and you do not think they have head, neck or spine injury = Roll them to their side Action: Seizure

27. Do NOT! • Put anything in mouth • Try to restrain victim by holding them down

28. Basic Info: Occurs when not enough blood(oxygen) is flowing to cells of body Can be a result from: -Excessive loss of blood -Severe heart attack -Severe allergic reaction Signs: Feel weak, faint, dizzy Feel nauseous or thirsty Have pale or grayish skin Act restless, agitated, or confused Be cold and clammy to the touch 9. Shock

29. Action:Shock • Phone 911 • Help the person lie on her back • Cover the person in shock to keep them warm • See if person needs CPR • Give CPR if needed

31. First Aid Test ReviewOrganize on graphic organizer first aid sections for reviewYou need the following for credit for review to show Mrs. Maxwell • Bites and Stings Care • Burn Care • Closed Wound Care • Open Wound Care • Head/Neck/Spine Injury • Fracture Injury • Cold Emergencies • Heat Emergencies • Medical Emergencies (9 detailed)

32. Each topic should include at least the following: • Signs/Symptoms • Treatment/Care • Modifications • Do NOTs • **Your hints