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Introduction To Sociology

Introduction To Sociology. WELCOME!. What is Sociology?. Doobe - ...is the scientific study of human behavior in groups and of the social forces that influence that behavior. ...the scientific study of human society and social behavior.

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Introduction To Sociology

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  1. Introduction To Sociology WELCOME!

  2. What is Sociology? • Doobe - ...is the scientific study of human behavior in groups and of the social forces that influence that behavior. • ...the scientific study of human society and social behavior. • Sociology - A systematic and objective study of society and social behavior.

  3. What do we mean by systematic? ...use of science, scientific method. • Empirical, rather than pre-science method. How do we know? The ways of establishing facts. • Pre-Science Method: • Authority • Intuition • Logic

  4. Positivism- • ...the use of scientific method and empirical analysis to understand human behavior. • What is empiricism? • Empirical Analysis- the use of human senses or “sense perception.” • Observation- use of your senses to observe the world.

  5. Objective- • ...unbiased, no preconceived notions. ...do you have any preconceived notions about people? Based on what?

  6. Basic Postulates of Science • Definite Order of Recurrent Events • Knowledge is Superior to Ignorance • Communication is Based on Sense Perception • There are Cause and Effect Relationships Within the Physical and Social Order • Scientist/Observer Has the Capacity to Conceptually Relate and Assign Meaning

  7. Science Is: • Theoretical • Empirical • Logical • Cumulative • Subject to Reliable Checking

  8. Early Sociologist • Henri de Saint-Simon • Auguste Comte • Herbert Spencer • Karl Marx • Emile Durkheim • Max Weber

  9. Society- A comprehensive social grouping that includes all the social institutions required to meet basic human needs. • Social Institution- A process or association that is highly organized, systematized and stable. • Political • Education • Religion • Economics • Family

  10. Theoretical Perspectives • Functionalism- • …theory stressing the contributions made by social or cultural phenomena to the system of which they are a part. • (an overriding concern with the conditions of equilibrium, stability and maximum efficiency.)

  11. Theoretical Perspectives - Cont’d • Conflict Theory- • …a theoretical perspective that emphasizes conflict, contradiction, inequality, and injustice as permanent aspects of society and a major source of social change.

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