The French and Indian War

1. The French and Indian War Unit 2: Becoming America RUSH Mrs. Baker

3. Quick Review:Relationship between England and its Colonies… • Mercantilism was established in English colonies as guiding economic policy of trade. • Created Navigation Acts to control trade BUT… • England began to use the governing policy known as salutary neglect due to English rivalry with France. • Salutary neglect = healthy ignoring of the colonies. • Policy resulted colonies gained trade independence and England profited from economic prosperity. • Colonies also used policy ofself-government

4. Causes of the French and Indian War • Continued battles between France and Britain in Europe • Three major wars took place in the century leading to American Revolution • France spreads into Ohio River Valley • Built large number of forts along the way which prohibited colonial expansion into the region. • Colonial failed attempt to unite against the French threat in Ohio Valley. • Albany Plan of Union

5. North America, 1750 Why is the spreading of French into the Ohio Valley a threat to the American colonies? France spreads into Ohio River Valley

6. Albany Plan of Union • Resulted from the early battles between the French and American colonists • Troops led by George Washington. • 1754 • Benjamin Franklin gathered in Albany, New York with 6 other colonies. • Goal = form an alliance with Iroquois Confederacy and create a plan of taxation to support a war against France. • Result = FAILURE!!! • Colonies feared losing power and independence. • British sent troops to North America for the first time!!!

7. Do-It-Now:Background Information • In 1754, Benjamin Franklin drew the image of a severed snake to encourage the British colonies to unite against the threat posed by French and Indian forces. • The design was inspired by a superstition that a sliced snake would revive if the pieces of its body were joined before sunset. • NOW COMPLETE THE QUESTIONS ATTACHED TO POLITICAL CARTOON.

8. Why are there only eight segments of the snake? • What is the cartoon suggesting should happen in the colonies? • What is the significance of this cartoon?

9. Effects of the French and Indian War • Treaty of Paris of 1763 • Removed all presence of French in North America • Native American resistance • Pontiac’s Rebellion • Proclamation of 1763 • Stopped the westward expansion of colonists into Ohio Valley • Britain asserts a power in the colonies • Maintains troops in the colonies • Start a policy of taxation

10. Treaty of Paris, 1763 France cedes major North American holdings to Britain. Spain gave Florida to British Spain receives all French lands west of the Mississippi River and New Orleans

12. Native American Resistance in the Ohio Valley

13. Proclamation of 1763

14. Why is 1763 considered a “turning point” in American history?