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Theatre at Leptis Magna

Theatre at Leptis Magna. Greek. Roman. Shakespearean. Roman features. Enclosed building Several levels of exterior arches / interior seating Multi-level stage building Decorated stage and stage building Barrel vaults / Vomitoria underseats Use of Velarium.

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Theatre at Leptis Magna

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  1. Theatre at Leptis Magna

  2. Greek Roman Shakespearean

  3. Roman features • Enclosed building • Several levels of exterior arches / interior seating • Multi-level stage building • Decorated stage and stage building • Barrel vaults / Vomitoria underseats • Use of Velarium Compare with Greek Theatre

  4. Photo: Sebastia Giralt (Flickr)

  5. Photo: Sebastia Giralt (Flickr)

  6. Theatre at Leptis Magna Date: 1-2AD (Age of Augustus) Location: Leptis Magna, North Africa Commissioned by: Annobal Rufus, a local merchant. His name appears on an inscription.

  7. When the father of the fatherland, Caesar Augustus, son of the deified [Caesar], was pontifex maximus, vested with the tribunician power for the twenty-fourth time, being consul for the thirteenth time, Annobal Rufus, the adorner of his country and lover of concord, priest, suffete, prefect of the sacred objects, the son of Himilco Tapapius, took care to build this at his own expense, and dedicated it.The Latin text begins with the names and titles of the emperor (in this case Augustus). None of these are given in the Punic text. Photo: Sebastia Giralt (Flickr)

  8. Photo: Sebastia Giralt (Flickr)

  9. The Cavea (seating) It is semi-circular Seating is divided up into wedge-shaped sections separated by staircases. Ambulatories (passageways) divide the seating into three levels

  10. The Cavea (cont’d) Portico featuring marble Corinthian columns. In the middle of the portico there is a temple to Ceres-Augusta. Vomitoria (underseat passageways) for entry and exit

  11. Three levels of seating: The UPPER LEVEL rests on a massive vaulted sub-structure. The MIDDLE LEVEL is built on an artificial bank. The LOWER LEVEL rests upon a natural bank. (Also VIP seating could be added in the five front rows)

  12. Photo: Sebastia Giralt (Flickr)

  13. Photo: Sebastia Giralt (Flickr)

  14. The Orchestra Semi-circular (unlike Greek orchestra – full circle) Tribunalia (viewing boxes) were built above VIP entrances for most important citizens Vaulted VIP entrances Stone wall separated cavea from orchestra Altar to unknown god

  15. The Pulpitum and Proscaenium Pulpitum (stage) was wooden Statues of Hercules and Dionysus, patrons of the city Niches in Proscaenium (stage front) would have held statues

  16. The Scaena – Stage Building Scaena is whole stage building Scaenae frons is the stage backdrop. It had 3 tiers of columns – the same height as the cavea) Central of 3 semi-circular recesses for entrance/exit of actors

  17. Cavea • Pulpitum • Orchestra • Altar • Scaena • Scaenae Frons • Tribunalia • Vomitoria • Ambulatories • Portico • Temple to Ceres-Augusta • Temple to the Deified Emperors • Statues of patron gods. • Proscaenium

  18. Later Additions to the Theatre Tribunalia Altar Temple to Ceres-Augusta (Ceres of the Emperors) Temple to Deified Emperors limestone columns on scaena frons

  19. The Temple Divi Augusta Photo: Sebastia Giralt (Flickr)

  20. Religious Features Key Understanding: The additions to the Theatre at Leptis Magna were for religious purposes, and/or to promote the greatness of the Roman Empire, its religion and its Emperors in this far-off Roman colony.

  21. 1___________ - the tiered seating area. 2_____________ - the semi-circular lower floor area by the proscaenium. 3_____________ - the facade at the front of the stage. 5__________ - the stage building itself, where the actors could prepare and props were stored. 4___________ - corridors into the theatre for exit and entry 7________________ - the front of the stage building, which provided a backdrop and entry and exit points for actors. 6__________ - the raised stage platform for acting on.

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