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British Prehistory

British Prehistory. The Celts and their culture. 3° A, Leonardo Santini, Indri Patrick. Storical Introduction : The Iron Age. The period known as the Iron Age lasted in Britain for about 800 years ( from c.750 BC to AD 43). Many social and religious changes occurred

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British Prehistory

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  1. British Prehistory The Celts and their culture 3° A, Leonardo Santini, Indri Patrick

  2. StoricalIntroduction: The IronAge • The periodknownas the IronAgelasted in Britainforabout 800 years (from c.750 BC to AD 43). • Many social and religiouschangesoccurred • In spiteof the hugenumberoftribes the pattern ofeveryday life in anIronAgevillage can bedescribed in quitegeneralisedterms.

  3. Social Organization • In the main, tribeswere led bykings. • There are instancesrecordedwhere women participatedboth in warfare and in kingship, althoughtheywere in the minority in theseareas. • Celticwereportraiedasbeingdividedintothreegroups: • a warrioraristocracy; • anintellectualclassincludingprofessionssuchasdruid • and everyone else

  4. Tribes • The tribeswereorganizedintoclanswichwerecorporationsoffamilies • The mostimportanttribeswere: • Votadini (09) • Brigantes (10) • Trinovantes (27)

  5. Lifestyle - Food • As foreating, breadwasanimportant part ofanymeal. In additiontothis, the Roman writerPlinyexplainsthatgrainwasalsofermentedtomakebeer. • Otherthancerealgrains, fewplantmaterialssurvived. • Howeverwe can assume thatIronAge people supplementedtheirdietwithedibleberries, leaves, flowers, nuts and roots. • Milk and dairyproductswouldhavebeenavailable in additiontofish, birds, and the occasional wild animal. • Honeywouldalsohavebeenavailableas a sweetener.

  6. Lifestyle - Buildings • In southernBritainmostlylived in circularhouseswithconicalthatchedroofs. • They are knownas “Roundhouses”. • The building materialsrequiredforIronAgeroundhousescalledfor the careful management ofnaturalresources. • The roundhouses are veryefficientbuildings, and are capableofwithstandingextremeweatherconditions.

  7. Lifestyle - Appereance • AllCeltstook care oftheirappearance, especiallywarriors, practicedweightcontrol and werefinediftheygainedtoomuchweight. • Celticclothingwasbright and woven out oflinen or wool. • Basicjewelryconsistedoftorcs, pinsmade out ofbone or antler • Torcsweremadeofgold, silver, bronze or iron and onlywornbythoseof high status

  8. Religion • The Celtshadmanygods and goddesses • The Celtsworshippedtheirgodsthroughsacrifice. The Celtsevensacrificedhumans. • The Celticreligionwascloselyrelatedto the natural world

  9. Religion: the driuds • The druidswere the Celts' priests, responsibleforallsortsofreligiousceremonies. • Theywereeducated and powerfulmembersof the tribe • The Druidsweresuppressedby the Romansbutsurvivedaspoets, historians, and judges.

  10. Stonehenge • Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument • Possible functions include an astronomical observatory or a site for religious rituals. • It appears to be some kind of prehistoric cosmological model.

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