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Personality Traits & Freudian Personality Theory

Explore personality traits such as neuroticism, extraversion, and more, along with Freudian Theory including the Id, Ego, Superego, and defense mechanisms. Learn about sexual attitudes and Erik Erikson's stages of development.

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Personality Traits & Freudian Personality Theory

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  1. Personality Traits & Freudian Personality Theory

  2. I. Personality Traits A. PersonalityTrait:a consistent, long-lasting tendency in thinking, feeling, and / or behavior. B.State:a temporary activation of a particular behavior. C. TheTrait Approach to Personality: the idea that people have consistent personality characteristics that can be measured and studied.

  3. D. The “Big Five” Personality Traits 1) Neuroticism:the tendency to experience emotional instability: anxiety, hostility, depression, self-consciousness, impulsiveness, and vulnerability very easily. 2) Extraversion:the tendency to seek stimulation and enjoy the company of other people. 3) Agreeableness:the tendency to be trusting and compassionate rather than distrustful of and antagonistic towards others. 4) Conscientiousness:the tendency to show self-discipline, to be reliable, and to strive for competence and achievement. 5) Openness to Experience: the tendency to enjoy new experiences and new ideas.

  4. II. Freudian Personality Theory A. Psychoanalysis:a method of explaining the workings of personality based on the interplay of conscious and unconscious internal forces. B. Unconscious Mind:contains memories, emotions and thoughts, some of which are illogical or socially unacceptable. C. Catharsis:the therapeutic release of pent-up emotional tension.

  5. D. PersonalityStructure 1) Id:the part that is comprised of all of our biological drives that demand immediate gratification. 2) Ego:the rational, negotiating, and decision-making component of the personality. 3) Superego:the internalized values and rules we receive from our parents and society.

  6. E. A Few Common Defense Mechanisms 1) Fantasy:gratifying frustrated desires in imaginary achievements (“daydreaming” is a common form). 2) Identification:increasing feelings of worth by identifying self with another person or institution, often of illustrious standing. 3) Isolation:cutting off emotional charge from hurtful situations. 4) Humor: the comical expression of negative thoughts that gives pleasure to others. The thoughts retain a portion of their innate distress, but they are “skirted round” by witticism. F. Neurotics can be very sexual.

  7. III. Sexual Attitudes in Relationships A. Reproductive:attitude concerning sex that sex is permissible only for reproductive purposes within marriage. B. Traditional:attitude concerning sex that sex is permissible only within marriage. C. Relational:attitude concerning sex that sex should be accompanied by love or affection, but not necessarily marriage. D. Recreational:attitude concerning sex that whatever feels good and doesn’t hurt anyone is fine. 1) Nymphomania:abnormally excessive and uncontrollable sexual desire in women. 2) Satyriasis:abnormally excessive and uncontrollable sexual desire in men.

  8. IV. Erik Erikson: Young and Middle Adulthood A. Intimacy versus Isolation:in Erikson’s theory, the sixth stage of social & emotional development, in which young adults either make commitments to others or face a possible sense of isolation and consequent self-absorption. B. Generativity versus Stagnation:in Erikson’s theory, the seventh stage of social & emotional development, in which middle-aged adults develop a concern with establishing, guiding, and influencing the next generation or else experience stagnation (a sense of inactivity or lifelessness). C. Two Methods for Expressing Generativity 1) Communal:the expression of generativity involving the care and nurturance of others. 2) Agentic:the expression of generativity involving personal contributions to society.

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