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Personality Traits & Freudian Personality Theory

Personality Traits & Freudian Personality Theory. I. Personality Traits. A. Personality Trait: a consistent, long-lasting tendency in thinking, feeling, and / or behavior. B. State: a temporary activation of a particular behavior. C. The Trait Approach to Personality: the idea that people

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Personality Traits & Freudian Personality Theory

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  1. Personality Traits & Freudian Personality Theory

  2. I. Personality Traits A. PersonalityTrait:a consistent, long-lasting tendency in thinking, feeling, and / or behavior. B.State:a temporary activation of a particular behavior. C. TheTrait Approach to Personality: the idea that people have consistent personality characteristics that can be measured and studied.

  3. D. The “Big Five” Personality Traits 1) Neuroticism:the tendency to experience emotional instability: anxiety, hostility, depression, self-consciousness, impulsiveness, and vulnerability very easily. 2) Extraversion:the tendency to seek stimulation and enjoy the company of other people. 3) Agreeableness:the tendency to be trusting and compassionate rather than distrustful of and antagonistic towards others. 4) Conscientiousness:the tendency to show self-discipline, to be reliable, and to strive for competence and achievement. 5) Openness to Experience: the tendency to enjoy new experiences and new ideas.

  4. II. Freudian Personality Theory A. Psychoanalysis:a method of explaining the workings of personality based on the interplay of conscious and unconscious internal forces. B. Unconscious Mind:contains memories, emotions and thoughts, some of which are illogical or socially unacceptable. C. Catharsis:the therapeutic release of pent-up emotional tension.

  5. D. PersonalityStructure 1) Id:the part that is comprised of all of our biological drives that demand immediate gratification. 2) Ego:the rational, negotiating, and decision-making component of the personality. 3) Superego:the internalized values and rules we receive from our parents and society.

  6. E. A Few Common Defense Mechanisms 1) Fantasy:gratifying frustrated desires in imaginary achievements (“daydreaming” is a common form). 2) Identification:increasing feelings of worth by identifying self with another person or institution, often of illustrious standing. 3) Isolation:cutting off emotional charge from hurtful situations. 4) Humor: the comical expression of negative thoughts that gives pleasure to others. The thoughts retain a portion of their innate distress, but they are “skirted round” by witticism. F. Neurotics can be very sexual.

  7. III. Sexual Attitudes in Relationships A. Reproductive:attitude concerning sex that sex is permissible only for reproductive purposes within marriage. B. Traditional:attitude concerning sex that sex is permissible only within marriage. C. Relational:attitude concerning sex that sex should be accompanied by love or affection, but not necessarily marriage. D. Recreational:attitude concerning sex that whatever feels good and doesn’t hurt anyone is fine. 1) Nymphomania:abnormally excessive and uncontrollable sexual desire in women. 2) Satyriasis:abnormally excessive and uncontrollable sexual desire in men.

  8. IV. Erik Erikson: Young and Middle Adulthood A. Intimacy versus Isolation:in Erikson’s theory, the sixth stage of social & emotional development, in which young adults either make commitments to others or face a possible sense of isolation and consequent self-absorption. B. Generativity versus Stagnation:in Erikson’s theory, the seventh stage of social & emotional development, in which middle-aged adults develop a concern with establishing, guiding, and influencing the next generation or else experience stagnation (a sense of inactivity or lifelessness). C. Two Methods for Expressing Generativity 1) Communal:the expression of generativity involving the care and nurturance of others. 2) Agentic:the expression of generativity involving personal contributions to society.

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