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Ecology

Ecology. Ecology is the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and their physical environment. Levels of Organization. Ecosystem. A community (many different species) that live together in a habitat Biome

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Ecology

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  1. Ecology Ecology is the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and their physical environment

  2. Levels of Organization

  3. Ecosystem • A community (many different species) that live together in a habitat • Biome a large region characterized by a specific type of climate and certain types of plant and animal communities. Biomes are made up of smaller ecosystems.

  4. HABITAT: • the place where a particular population lives

  5. Community • All the interacting organisms (many different species) living in an area.

  6. Organism • A living thing

  7. POPULATION: • All the members of one species that live in one place at one time.

  8. Mistletoe growing into a mangrove tree COMMUNITY Interactions • Community Interactions • Predation : + / - • Parasitism: +/ - • Commensalism: + / 0 • Mutualism: + / + Bee pollinating flower Bat about to eat frog Whale with barnacles on skin

  9. Abiotic vs. Biotic • Biotic-All the LIVINGor ONCE LIVING components of an ecosystem. Also includes the product of living things. • Examples: hair, fingernails, etc. • Abioticfactors-All the non-living components of an ecosystem

  10. Abiotic vs. Biotic • Water--A • Temperature--A • Soil--B • Owl--B • Bacteria--B • Precipitation--A • Dead leaf--B • Light--A • Humidity--A • Tree--B • Feces--B • Fingernail--B

  11. Food Chain Describes one feeding relationship and one path of energy through food consumption.

  12. FOOD WEB • shows the interactions between a wide variety of organisms in the environment • creating a complicated,interconnected path of energy flow. • are used to study effects of the changing or introduction of a variable in an environment

  13. Producer • produces food (make energy storing molecules), • Eg. Plants, algae and some kinds of bacteria

  14. Consumer • obtains the energy to build their molecules by consuming plants or other organisms • Different levels of consumers depending on where they eat • Primary • Secondary • Tertiary • Quaternary

  15. Primary Consumers • eats producers • Also known as herbivores • Eg. Cows, horses, caterpillars and ducks

  16. Secondary Consumers (2nd order consumers) • eats herbivores • Carnivore • Eg. Wolf, ferret, and leopard

  17. Secondary Consumers

  18. Tertiary Consumer (3rd order consumer) • eats second order (other carnivores) • Eg. Hawk

  19. Quaternary (4th order) Consumer • this is very rare… • Not enough energy at the level before to support these higher levels • Ex. Orca

  20. Omnivores • Eat both plants and animals

  21. Introduced Variable • Using the aquatic food web above, explain what would happen if the zooplankton population drastically declined. • Explain what would happen if the reef shark population drastically increased.

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