A second look at the lowly Malunggay…

1. A second look at the lowly Malunggay… DA Biotechnology Program

2. “The hardest thing to SEE is • what is IN FRONT OF YOUR EYES” • - Goethe

3. The crop that could… Save a million lives.. Increase incomes… Generate millions of jobs… Utilize millions of marginalized lands… Make the Philippines globally competitive… Impact local and international market… Attain socio-economic equity…

4. All parts are useful… Seeds Water purification Medicine Cooking oil Cosmetics Lubricants Green Manure Leaves and Pods Nutrition Medicine Plant Growth Hormone Flowers, Bark, Gum and Roots Medicine

5. ¾THE IRON OF SPINACH FRESH All parts are useful… • Food and Nutrition • Malunggay, scientifically known as Moringa oleifera Lamk, is the world’s most nutritious crop. • “Natural Nutrition for the tropics”—Church World Service and Educational Concerns for Hunger Organization

6. 17 TIMESTHE CALCIUM& 9 TIMESTHE PROTEIN OF MILK ½THE VITAMIN C OF ORANGES 25 TIMESTHE IRON OF SPINACH 15 TIMESTHE POTASSIUM OF BANANAS 10 TIMESTHE VITAMIN A OF CARROTS DRIED All parts are useful… • Food and Nutrition

7. All parts are useful… • Moringa Oil • Seeds contain 40% of oil, which can be used for oil extraction without reducing their effectiveness for water treatment • Skin Care and Cosmetics • Can produce an excellent massage oil because of good anti-oxidant properties with 4-5 years shelf life

8. All parts are useful… • Cooking • Because of its high quantities of Oleic Acids (part of the Omega 9 EFA family), it is good in cooking and a replacement for olive oil; it is odorless to mild nutty flavor • Water Treatment • Has the ability to detoxify contaminated water for drinking and cooking

9. All parts are useful… • Nature’s Pharmacy • Reported Medicinal Value for the ff. effects/conditions/disorders/diseases • Anti-microbial/biocidal • Asthma • Cancer therapy/protection • Circulatory/endocrine disorders (incl. anemia) • Detoxification • Digestive disorders • Inflammation • Immunity • Nervous disorders • Reproductive health • General disorders/conditions

10. Harvesting Golden Green…

11. Backyard Farming • Leaves, flowers and pods as cooking ingredients • Malunggay seed powder as household water purifier • Malunggay tree as living fence • Leaves as natural pesticide, domestic cleaning agent

12. Backyard Farming • All parts as natural medicines • Leaves:good for headache, bleeding from a shallow cut, bacterial and fungal skin complaints, anti-inflammatory, gastric ulcers and diarrhea, malnutrition • Flowers:ideal for breastfeeding, urinary problems • Pods:de-wormer, treat liver and spleen problems and pains of the joints, malnutrition, diarrhea

13. Backyard Farming • All parts as natural medicines • Seeds:treat arthritis, rheumatism, gout, cramp, STD, boils, and urinary problems; relaxant for epilepsy • Roots, bark, and gum:have the same medicinal value but are more concentrated

14. Commercial Planting Malunggay seeds for Moringa Oil Malunggay dried leaves for animal feeds Malunggay processed leaves for food fortification Other: Malunggay cake for water treatment and biofertilizer

15. Seeds for Moringa Oil • For cooking, lubricating, cosmetics, aroma therapy, perfumes • The Philippines can penetrate the international market • Seed Producers can amass a net income of approximately PhP 218,000– 521,000 per hectare/year @ PhP20/kg of seeds • It has a potential to generate an estimated 10,000 jobs/3,000 has. for Filipinos

16. Leaves for Animal Feed Fortification and Soybean Meal Substitution • This can substitute half of the country’s imports for soybean meal=US$120M. • In the long-run, the country can produce meat and milk high in protein and low in fats. • It can supply the demand in the local market –and possibly the international market! • Leaves Producers can have an estimated net income of PhP 1.43 Million per hectare/ year @ PhP5/kg of leaves • It has a potential to generate an estimated 10,000 jobs/3,000 has. for Filipinos

17. Leaves for Food Fortification • Given its nutritional value, it can be utilized in fortifying sauces, juices, spices, milk, bread, and most importantly, instant noodles. • It can supply the local market. • Leaves Producers can have an estimated net income of PhP 1.43 Million per hectare/ year @ PhP5/kg of leaves • It has a potential to generate an estimated 10,000 jobs/3,000 has. for Filipinos

18. Golden Green-derived products

19. Golden Green-derived products Moringa Veggie Capsule Moringa Shea Balm Moringa Oil Water Treatment Agent

20. Golden Green-derived products

21. Farming Golden Green…

22. Adaptability • tolerates a wide range of environmental conditions • grows best between 25 to 35oC, but will tolerate up to 48oC in the shade • altitudes below 600 meters are best, but can grow in altitudes up to 1200 m in the tropics • prefers a well-drained sandy loam or loam soil, but tolerates clay. • will not survive under prolonged flooding and poor drainage • tolerates a soil pH (indication of soil acidity) of 5.0-9.0 Source: DA-BPI

23. Propagation • planted either by direct seeding, transplanting, or using hard stem cuttings • seeds have no dormancy periods and can be planted as soon as they are mature • stem cuttings of 45-150 cm long with a diameter of 4-16 cm can also be used as propagation material Source: DA-BPI

24. Culture and Management • Pruning • should be trimmed to promote branching, increase yields, and facilitate harvesting • Pest Management • resistant to most insect pests and diseases, but outbreaks may occur under certain conditions. In such case, choose a pesticide that targets the specific pest causing the damage, and avoid pesticides that kill or inhibit the development of beneficial organisms and that last only a few days Source: DA-BPI

25. Harvesting and Handling • For intensive leaf production: • harvest green matter when plants reach a height of 50 cm or more (every 35-40 days), cut at a distance of 15-20 cm above the ground  • For pod harvesting: • as food: harvest pods when they are young, tender, and green. They are eaten as green beans. Immature seeds can be used in recipes similar to green peas • for oil or planting material: harvest pods when they are mature and spurting. Mature seeds appear in dark brown color. Source: DA-BPI

26. Malunggay at 10cm (in-between hills) planting distance Week 5 Week 6 Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 SECURA