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A second look at the lowly Malunggay…. DA Biotechnology Program. “The hardest thing to SEE is what is IN FRONT OF YOUR EYES ” - Goethe. The crop that could…. Save a million lives. Increase incomes…. Generate millions of jobs…. Utilize millions of marginalized lands….
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A second look at the lowly Malunggay… DA Biotechnology Program
“The hardest thing to SEE is • what is IN FRONT OF YOUR EYES” • - Goethe
The crop that could… Save a million lives.. Increase incomes… Generate millions of jobs… Utilize millions of marginalized lands… Make the Philippines globally competitive… Impact local and international market… Attain socio-economic equity…
All parts are useful… Seeds Water purification Medicine Cooking oil Cosmetics Lubricants Green Manure Leaves and Pods Nutrition Medicine Plant Growth Hormone Flowers, Bark, Gum and Roots Medicine
¾THE IRON OF SPINACH FRESH All parts are useful… • Food and Nutrition • Malunggay, scientifically known as Moringa oleifera Lamk, is the world’s most nutritious crop. • “Natural Nutrition for the tropics”—Church World Service and Educational Concerns for Hunger Organization
17 TIMESTHE CALCIUM& 9 TIMESTHE PROTEIN OF MILK ½THE VITAMIN C OF ORANGES 25 TIMESTHE IRON OF SPINACH 15 TIMESTHE POTASSIUM OF BANANAS 10 TIMESTHE VITAMIN A OF CARROTS DRIED All parts are useful… • Food and Nutrition
All parts are useful… • Moringa Oil • Seeds contain 40% of oil, which can be used for oil extraction without reducing their effectiveness for water treatment • Skin Care and Cosmetics • Can produce an excellent massage oil because of good anti-oxidant properties with 4-5 years shelf life
All parts are useful… • Cooking • Because of its high quantities of Oleic Acids (part of the Omega 9 EFA family), it is good in cooking and a replacement for olive oil; it is odorless to mild nutty flavor • Water Treatment • Has the ability to detoxify contaminated water for drinking and cooking
All parts are useful… • Nature’s Pharmacy • Reported Medicinal Value for the ff. effects/conditions/disorders/diseases • Anti-microbial/biocidal • Asthma • Cancer therapy/protection • Circulatory/endocrine disorders (incl. anemia) • Detoxification • Digestive disorders • Inflammation • Immunity • Nervous disorders • Reproductive health • General disorders/conditions
Backyard Farming • Leaves, flowers and pods as cooking ingredients • Malunggay seed powder as household water purifier • Malunggay tree as living fence • Leaves as natural pesticide, domestic cleaning agent
Backyard Farming • All parts as natural medicines • Leaves:good for headache, bleeding from a shallow cut, bacterial and fungal skin complaints, anti-inflammatory, gastric ulcers and diarrhea, malnutrition • Flowers:ideal for breastfeeding, urinary problems • Pods:de-wormer, treat liver and spleen problems and pains of the joints, malnutrition, diarrhea
Backyard Farming • All parts as natural medicines • Seeds:treat arthritis, rheumatism, gout, cramp, STD, boils, and urinary problems; relaxant for epilepsy • Roots, bark, and gum:have the same medicinal value but are more concentrated
Commercial Planting Malunggay seeds for Moringa Oil Malunggay dried leaves for animal feeds Malunggay processed leaves for food fortification Other: Malunggay cake for water treatment and biofertilizer
Seeds for Moringa Oil • For cooking, lubricating, cosmetics, aroma therapy, perfumes • The Philippines can penetrate the international market • Seed Producers can amass a net income of approximately PhP 218,000– 521,000 per hectare/year @ PhP20/kg of seeds • It has a potential to generate an estimated 10,000 jobs/3,000 has. for Filipinos
Leaves for Animal Feed Fortification and Soybean Meal Substitution • This can substitute half of the country’s imports for soybean meal=US$120M. • In the long-run, the country can produce meat and milk high in protein and low in fats. • It can supply the demand in the local market –and possibly the international market! • Leaves Producers can have an estimated net income of PhP 1.43 Million per hectare/ year @ PhP5/kg of leaves • It has a potential to generate an estimated 10,000 jobs/3,000 has. for Filipinos
Leaves for Food Fortification • Given its nutritional value, it can be utilized in fortifying sauces, juices, spices, milk, bread, and most importantly, instant noodles. • It can supply the local market. • Leaves Producers can have an estimated net income of PhP 1.43 Million per hectare/ year @ PhP5/kg of leaves • It has a potential to generate an estimated 10,000 jobs/3,000 has. for Filipinos
Golden Green-derived products Moringa Veggie Capsule Moringa Shea Balm Moringa Oil Water Treatment Agent
Adaptability • tolerates a wide range of environmental conditions • grows best between 25 to 35oC, but will tolerate up to 48oC in the shade • altitudes below 600 meters are best, but can grow in altitudes up to 1200 m in the tropics • prefers a well-drained sandy loam or loam soil, but tolerates clay. • will not survive under prolonged flooding and poor drainage • tolerates a soil pH (indication of soil acidity) of 5.0-9.0 Source: DA-BPI
Propagation • planted either by direct seeding, transplanting, or using hard stem cuttings • seeds have no dormancy periods and can be planted as soon as they are mature • stem cuttings of 45-150 cm long with a diameter of 4-16 cm can also be used as propagation material Source: DA-BPI
Culture and Management • Pruning • should be trimmed to promote branching, increase yields, and facilitate harvesting • Pest Management • resistant to most insect pests and diseases, but outbreaks may occur under certain conditions. In such case, choose a pesticide that targets the specific pest causing the damage, and avoid pesticides that kill or inhibit the development of beneficial organisms and that last only a few days Source: DA-BPI
Harvesting and Handling • For intensive leaf production: • harvest green matter when plants reach a height of 50 cm or more (every 35-40 days), cut at a distance of 15-20 cm above the ground • For pod harvesting: • as food: harvest pods when they are young, tender, and green. They are eaten as green beans. Immature seeds can be used in recipes similar to green peas • for oil or planting material: harvest pods when they are mature and spurting. Mature seeds appear in dark brown color. Source: DA-BPI
Malunggay at 10cm (in-between hills) planting distance Week 5 Week 6 Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 SECURA