Family Planning Methods

1. Family Planning Methods

2. Abstinence • The only method that is 100% effective. • + It protects you from STDs and pregnancy. • - You may feel like you are missing out on sexual experiences.

3. Birth Control Pills • A hormonal method • A pill taken daily that contains artificial hormones and prevents pregnancy. • - Does not protect against STDs • -Side effects are: mood swings, blood clots, nausea, weight gain, and irregular menstrual bleeding. • 98-95% effective • $20-$50 a month + simple and easy to use + Less bleeding and cramping during cycle + Less chance of PID - Must remember to take it - Not good for women who smoke ( over 35 )

4. Hormonal Injections • Hormonal method • Hormones given through a shot by a physician monthly or once every three months • May cause irregular bleeding • Up to 99% effective

5. Nuva Ring • Hormonal method • Flexible doughnut shaped ring inserted into the vagina where it releases hormones • Doesn’t protect against STD’s SIDE EFFECTS: • - Irregular menstrual bleeding • - May cause mood changes • - May cause blood clots • - May cause vaginal infections • $30.00- $45.00 A month

6. Implant • Hormonal method • Implant that can be worn for up to five years (Previously known as Norplant) • Becomes effective within 24 hours of implantation • Thickens your cervical mucus creating a barrier for sperm Benefits of Implants: • Offers continuous protection against pregnancy for 5 years • Women who are breasting feeding can safely use Norplant Side Effects and Complications: • headaches/ migraines • Anxiety • Weight gain • Menstrual irregularities • Increases in acne

7. Hormonal Patch • Hormonal method • Thin patch placed on fatty tissue for three weeks each month • + 99% effective • Possible Side Effects: - Mood swings, blood clots, nausea, irregular menstrual bleeding, and weight gain

8. Spermicide • Hormonal method • Foams, creams, gels and suppositories may cause allergic reactions • 72% effective • Should be used with a condom, diaphragm, or cervical cap • + no major health complications • + easy to use and carry • + may use only when needed • - can be messy • - may irritate • - no protection against HIV

9. Rhythm Method • Hormonal method • Also known as the calendar method • 53 – 80% effective • Largest side effect… PREGNANCY • You must chart menstrual cycles on a calendar This is a Natural Family Planning Method

10. Cervical Mucus • Hormonal method • Also called the ovulation method • Women takes sample of her mucus everyday for a month • Six days before ovulation, mucus is affected by estrogen and becomes clear and elastic. • - Failure rate is 20% per year • - Requires effort and work • + 97% effective • + free • + Can be stopped at any time • + Helps women to be aware of their cycle

11. Basal Temperature • Hormonal method • a woman is instructed to take her body temperature, called her basal body temperature • the woman takes her temperature with a specialized basal body thermometer and marks results on a graph or chart • She also notes the days of menstruation and sexual activity • $10-$12 • - Failure rate of 15% but as low as 2% per year for perfect users • - Requires effort and work • + 98% effective in preventing pregnancy • + Free • + Can be stopped at any time • + Helps you to be aware of cycle

12. Condom Male • Covers the erect penis • A barrier method • 86% to 97% effective • + Price is affordable • + no major side effects concerns • + Reduces the spread of STD’s • - some men are allergic to latex • - those with spermicide may cause irritation

13. Female Condom • A barrier method • A thin sheath or pouch worn by a women during sex • Helps to prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases • 79% to 95% effective • 17 cm (6.5inches) length • Barrier method • $6.50 a pack • Woman could experience reaction or allergy to latex

14. Cervical Cap • + A barrier method • + Blocks the sperm from entering the uterus by covering the cervix • + Protection against pregnancy • $30 – 50 SIDE EFFECTS • - May irritate vagina • - Strong odors or vaginal discharge • - Allergic reaction (rare) • - Could cause Toxic Shock Syndrome

15. Diaphragm • A barrier method • Keeps sperm from entering the uterus • Can be washed and reused • Doesn’t protect from STD’s • Cost about $30-50 • Should be replaced every two years Side Effects: • may irritate vagina • Allergic reaction • Possible risk of Toxic Shock Syndrome • + can be used only when necessary • + few health problems

16. IUD - Intrauterine Device • A barrier method • Placed into the uterus by a physician to prevent pregnancy • Last one – ten years • 99.2%-99.9% effective • Doesn’t provide protection against sexually transmitted diseases including HIV and AIDS • $250.00+ • + always in place, less chance of tubule pregnancy • - increase bleeding and cramps SIDE EFFECTS: • Menstrual cycles may become more painful • Possible risk to future fertility • Increase risk of infections

17. Withdrawal • A barrier method • Involves removing the penis before ejaculation • Objective is to keep the sperm from entering the vagina • Pregnancy could occur anytime that the penis and the vagina come in contact • Doesn’t protect against STD’s or pregnancy • Withdrawal is not an effective way to prevent pregnancy • Natural Family Planning Method

18. Permanent Methods of Family Planning There are two methods of permanent methods of family planning: • Vasectomy • Tubaligation

19. Vasectomy • This is a permanent procedure due on a man. • Sperm are not expelled after this procedure. • No STD protection • 100% effective is male follows doctors orders and returns for follow up visits

20. Tubaligation • Permanent procedure performed on a woman. • Eggs can no longer get to the sperm. • 100% effective

21. What is your decision? • Abstinence solves all the major problems needed to make life more productive until you are ready to make these life decisions. • No STD protection