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The First Vatican Council. Revolutions. Two revolutions threatened Church Intellectual Political. Church’s Response. Pope Pius IX Initially excited After 1848 drastically changes 1870-1929, Pope is a prisoner in the Vatican Dubbed “Most Afflicted Pontiff”.
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Revolutions • Two revolutions threatened Church • Intellectual • Political
Church’s Response • Pope Pius IX • Initially excited • After 1848 drastically changes • 1870-1929, Pope is a prisoner in the Vatican • Dubbed “Most Afflicted Pontiff”
Two Major Catholic Responses • Liberal response • Traditional response • Vatican I provided an opportunity for the Church to officially decide where it stood
Liberal Response • Believed Enlightenment and French Revolution contained some good ideas • Argued ideas could improve the Church • Félicitéde Lamennais (1782-1854) • Sought to “baptize” the principles of the Revolution
Ultramontane Response • Believed that intellectual and political Revolutions were harmful • Suspicious of changes • Protect Church’s message • Where do we find security and identity as Catholics? • Look Over the Mountains (To Rome)
Vatican I (1869-1870) • Looked to the Pope for direction • Pope called a council • Update definition of Catholicism (last council was 300 years ago) • Define people’s roles (Pope, Bishop, Priest, Laity)
Tone of First Vatican Council • Pius IX affirms Ultramontane movement • Tradition • Not all objectives were accomplished • Vatican I focused on the Papacy
Papal Infallibility • Infallibility means without errors • God Alone is Infallible • The Church is given the gift of infallibility • Certain events can exercise infallibility (ex. Councils) • If points above are true, can the Pope exercise infallibility? • Bishops want a strong Papacy voice to combat secularism