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The Birth of the Republican Party in 1854

Learn about the rise of new political factions over slavery, including the Know-Nothing Party and the Free-Soil Party, leading to the formation of the Republican Party in 1854.

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The Birth of the Republican Party in 1854

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  1. CH 10 Section 3 Parties Form Over Slavery.

  2. As a result, Democratic candidate Franklin Pierce won the presidential election in 1852. The issue of slavery caused the nation’s Whig Party to split. The party became divided into Northern antislavery Whigs and Southern proslavery Whigs.

  3. Nativists were primarily middle-class Protestants. They were dismayed not only by the growing immigrant population, but also by the increasing number of Catholics Nativists soon formed the Know– Nothing Party. Members wanted to extend the time needed before immigrants could become citizens.

  4. They started the Free Soil Party and ran Martin Van Buren (unsuccessfully) for President. Many Northerners were free-soilers, but not abolitionists. They supported racist laws prohibiting settlement by blacks in their communities and denying them the right to vote.

  5. The new Republican Party formed in 1854. Like the Free-Soil Party, the Republicans wanted to keep slavery out of the territories.

  6. Newspaper editor who strongly supported the newly-formed Republican Party. Horace Greeley:

  7. The Republican Party’s main competition was the well-organized Know-Nothing Party. Then came several national incidents, including Bleeding Kansas. As a result, the Republican Party gained greater prominence.

  8. The Democrats nominated James Buchanan of Pennsylvania. He won the election, but only with 45 percent of the popular vote. The election showed that the democrats could win the presidency with a national candidate who could compete in the North without alienating Southerners.

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