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The Language of ‘Variables’. The Language of ‘Variables’. Variable: Any observation that can take different values Attribute: A specific value on a variable. The Nature of Research. The Language of ‘Variables’. Variable: Sex or gender Attribute: Female; male. Example.
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The Language of ‘Variables’ Variable: Any observation that can take different values Attribute: A specific value on a variable The Nature of Research
The Language of ‘Variables’ Variable: Sex or gender Attribute: Female; male Example The Nature of Research
The Language of ‘Variables’ Variable: Agreement Attribute: 1 = strongly disagree2 = disagree3 = neutral4 = agree5 = strongly agree Example The Nature of Research
Types of Variables Leads to or causes something else Is affected by other variable(s) Independent: Dependent:
Types of Variables Independent Dependent Academic achievement
Types of Variables Independent Dependent Family structure Academic achievement
Types of Variables Independent Dependent Family structure Economic status Academic achievement
Types of Variables Independent Dependent Family structure Economic status Academic achievement Schooling
Types of Variables Independent Dependent Family structure Economic status Academic achievement Schooling Special tutoring
Types of Variables Independent Dependent Family structure Not manipulable Economic status Academic achievement Schooling Special tutoring
Types of Variables Independent Dependent Family structure Not manipulable Economic status Academic achievement Schooling Manipulable Special tutoring
Operational Definition Theory or idea
Operational Definition Theory or idea
Operational Definition Theory or idea Reality
Operational Definition Theory or idea Self-esteem Reality
Operational Definition Theory or idea Self-esteem I feel good about myself... Reality 1 2 3 4 5 SD D N A SA
Operational Definition Theory or idea Self-esteem Operational definition I feel good about myself... Reality 1 2 3 4 5 SD D N A SA
Constructs Self-esteem
Constructs Self-esteem Operational definition Operational definition Operational definition
Constructs Self-esteem Operational definition Operational definition Operational definition Indicators
Constructs Each indicator is a fallible reflection of the construct. Self-esteem Operational definition Operational definition Operational definition
Dimensions Socioeconomic Status
Dimensions Socioeconomic Status Dimension 1: Income
Dimensions Socioeconomic Status Dimension 1: Income Dimension 2: Education