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NIEHS SRP P42 Research Center

Northeastern University (NU) UPR, Medical Campus (UPR-MC) UPR, Mayaguez (UPRM) University of Michigan (UM) Collaborations: Earthsoft, Silent Spring Institute & West Virginia University Co–Directors: Akram N. Alshawabkeh (PI) José F. Cordero. NIEHS SRP P42 Research Center. 1. PROTECT Center.

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NIEHS SRP P42 Research Center

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  1. Northeastern University (NU) UPR, Medical Campus (UPR-MC) UPR, Mayaguez (UPRM) University of Michigan (UM)Collaborations: Earthsoft, Silent Spring Institute & West Virginia UniversityCo–Directors:Akram N. Alshawabkeh (PI)José F. Cordero NIEHS SRP P42 Research Center 1

  2. PROTECT Center 2 Tea Bag Technology for Urine and Water Analysis, and Water Purification Roger Giese PROTECT SRPNortheastern University Boston, MA

  3. PROTECT Center 3 • OUTLINE • PROTECT SRP: PRETERM BIRTH • Porous Extraction Paddle (PEP): the “Tea Bag” • 3. Application of PEP to Urine • 4. Application of PEP to Water

  4. PROTECT Center 5 • Overview: Project, Activity, PI • Epidemiology – J. Meeker • Reproductive Toxicology – R. Loch-Caruso • Nontargeted Chemical Analysis – R. Giese • Geological Fate and Transport – I. Padilla • Solar-Powered Remediation – A. Alshawabkeh

  5. PROTECT Center 6 Samples Under Study in PROTECT Blood Placenta Urine: large and small Water

  6. PROTECT Center 7 Porous Extraction Paddle (PEP): Definition A PEP is a caged porous bag filled with adsorbent for solid phase extraction of a liquid, especially a large volume. The cage spreads, flattens and immobilizes the adsorbent, forming a paddle.

  7. Left: PEP assembly. The PEP press-fits onto the shaft of the motor providing 190 rpm. Within the cage is a porous (25 μm) nylon bag containing 2.0 g of Combo Adsorbent. Right: PEP assembly in a 0.5 gallon jar, with Carboxen adsorbent in the nylon bag.

  8. Extraction of Malachite Green with three kinds of Porous Extraction Paddles (PEPs): A, Membrane-PEP (Empore SDB-XC); B, three nonuniformly-packed Combo-PEPs (to test ruggedness), and C, Carboxen-PEP (has relatively large particles).

  9. PROTECT Center 13 • PEP for Urine Extraction • Average sample collected in a convenient way: first morning voids at home over a one week period • Leads to a repository sample: 2 g of exposed adsorbent in cryovial

  10. Nonpolar Sulfateome Window to the Urine Exposome Cell Uninvited Chemical Uninvited Chemical OSO3Θ

  11. PROTECT Center 15 Six Pregnancy Urine Samples: Competitive PEP/AEC/UHPLC-MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS Analyte Class Nonpolar Sulfates Flavonoids Steroids Pollutants Number of Hits 1129 1582 122 35

  12. Toxicity Profiles of Puerto Rico Groundwater Samples

  13. PROTECT Center 21 Drinking Water

  14. PROTECT Center 23 Tea Bag Housing and Shaft Attachment • Housing Features Include: • Living hinge • Mechanical snap • Incorporated crossbars • Turn-in shaft attachment Open (for placement of tea bag) Closed Hooked into System Living Hinge Assembly Process

  15. 87.36% 35.06% 18.57%

  16. PROTECT Center 26 Research Translation of the PEP DBEX TEC LLC Three patent applications

  17. PROTECT Center 27 Conclusions • The porous extraction paddle provides a convenient way to extract a large liquid volume (e.g. urine, water), as for purposes of chemical identification, toxicogenomics, and formation of a repository sample for re-analysis. • Analysis of the nonpolar sulfateome by competitive SPE/AEC/LC/tandem MS provides a pathway to some of the urine nonpolar exposome. • The PEP may become of interest for purification of water for the consumer, with potential advantages of speed, degree of purification, cost, green, scope and fresh.

  18. Acknowledgements Funding: NIEHS Participants

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