Chapter four review

1. Chapter four review

2. Why were the Mecklenburg Resolves important? • The Mecklenburg Resolves were the first official rejection of British rule in the colonies.

3. At the end of the French and Indian War, why did the British tax a variety of items in the American Colonies? • The British began to impose new taxes on the colonies to get out of debt from the French and Indian War.

4. Why did the Colonists boycott British goods? • Colonists boycotted British goods to protest the Townshend Acts which were taxes on goods brought into the colonies by the British. • These acts required colonists to pay import taxes on British goods, such as glass, paint, paper, lead and tea.

5. What was the purpose of the Sons of Liberty? • Sons of Liberty were dedicated to opposing the British by protesting the Stamp Act.

6. Who were the Regulators? • The Regulators were a group of western farmers who believed that corrupt officials needed to be better regulated.

7. Explain why the French alliance proved a major turning point in the Revolutionary War. • The French sent military supplies and loaned money to the Continental Congress, boosting spirits across the states. • The Marquis de Lafayette convinced Louis XIV to send French troops. The Patriots also gained support of the French Navy.

8. Explain the East vs. West conflict. • The concentration of power in the east caused resentments among the farmers of the colony’s fast-growing western counties.

9. Describe the strategy used by George Washington and other military leaders. • Gwash and other military leaders focused on defense and avoiding direct confrontation until the odds were in their favor. • They also harassed British troops.

10. What formally ended the Revolutionary war? • The Treaty of Paris (1783)

11. What battles did Ralph Waldo Emerson refer to as “the shot heard around the world?”Who warned the colonists that the British were coming? • The battles at Lexington and Concord • Paul Revere and William Dawes

12. Explain how the constitution became the law of the land. • Voters of each state had to elect delegates and hold their own state conventions to discuss the new Constitution. • Nine of the thirteen states had to ratify it in order for the Constitution to go into effect.

13. Summarize the Battle of Moores Creek Bridge. Include who was involved, the plan for the battle, and the outcome. • Richard Caswell and his men wanted to end British rule and Moores Creek Bridge was the center of a plan for Caswell’s troops to win the battle. • Caswell’s troops removed planks from the bridge and greased the remaining logs with tallow. At daybreak, McDonald’s troops walked across the slippery logs receiving fire from Caswell’s men. • In minutes 30 of McDonald’s men were dead. More than 850 of McDonald’s men surrendered and the rest retreated into the swamps.

14. Describe two challenges faced by North Carolinians during wartime. • British ships blockaded the coastline, making it difficult to export or import goods. This created major shortages of manufactured goods, including cloth, shoes, and other items. • North Carolinians suffered financial difficulties. To pay soldiers and debts, governments printed paper money that was not backed by funds in state or national treasuries. People did not want to use it, and the lack of stable currency created serious financial problems throughout the states. • The state government was not strong enough to control ongoing conflicts between the Patriots and the Loyalists.

15. Describe how the Revolutionary war affected North Carolina, and summarize how north Carolina Recovered. • The war wrecked the state’s economy and put the government heavily in debt. Schools closed and businesses failed. • Thousands of North Carolinians were killed or wounded. • Recovery was slow, but the state still had rich land and energetic citizens. State merchants began to export naval stores, lumber, and tobacco. The state began to pay its debts, and the legislators voted to create the town of Raleigh and make it the state capitol. • Education became a priority, and the General Assembly voted to charter the University of North Carolina to be located in the town of Chapel Hill.

16. On hearing the news of the Battle of Guilford Court House, why did one British politician remark, “Another such victory would destroy the British Army”? • Although the Battle of Guilford Court House was considered a British victory, a quarter of Cornwallis’s troops were killed or wounded. • Since Cornwallis had lost so many troops not only in the battle, but also in his rush across North Carolina, he had no way to replace them. • Therefore, he had no choice but to head back for the coast where his ships were waiting. • Cornwallis had been driven out of North Carolina. Due to the loss of troops, another victory such as Guilford Court House could have disastrous consequences for the British army.

17. A term that means refuse to buy • Boycott

18. A term that refers to bringing goods into a country for trade or sale. • Import

19. A group of ladies in North Carolina organized by Penelope Baker met and expressed their support of the boycott on tea by signing a document. • Edenton Tea Party

20. The Revolutionary War ended when Cornwallis surrendered to Gwash at this location. • Yorktown, Virginia

21. Charlotte residents made this powerful political statement which was the first official rejection of British rule in the colonies. • Mecklenburg Resolves

22. At this meeting, the Declaration of Independence was approved. • Continental Congress

23. On July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress voted to approve this document written by Thomas Jefferson. • Declaration of Independence

24. Adopted on December 18, 1776, this document did not include any way for citizens to amend or change it. • North Carolina’s Constitution

25. This document set up a weak federal government, giving more power to the states, and created a congress that had limited power. • Articles of Confederation

26. This document was not ratified by North Carolina until a Bill of Rights was added. • The United States Constitution