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Rate of Change

Brain Development. Rate of Change. Source: Tapert & Schweinsburg, 2005. Synaptic Refinement. Myelination. Dopamine Receptors. Dopamine Receptors. Act First, Think Later. Preference for Physical Activity and Sensation Seeking. This is Normal Development. More Risky Impulsive Behavior.

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Rate of Change

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  1. Brain Development Rate of Change Source: Tapert & Schweinsburg, 2005

  2. Synaptic Refinement

  3. Myelination

  4. Dopamine Receptors

  5. Dopamine Receptors

  6. Act First, Think Later Preference for Physical Activity and Sensation Seeking This is Normal Development More Risky Impulsive Behavior Emotions Felt Very Intensely Strongly Influenced by Friends and Peers Less than Optimal Planning Less Consideration of Negative Consequences

  7. Eat, Drink, Connect

  8. How Cocaine Works

  9. How Heroin Works

  10. Early Use Genetics Trauma

  11. Source: NIAAA National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, 2003 Addiction is a Developmental Pediatric Disease

  12. Genetics Account for 50% of Risk of Addiction

  13. Adverse Childhood Experiences Emotional Neglect Abuse Household Dysfunction Adverse childhood experiences Household dysfunction Emotional neglect Abuse

  14. Three Types of ACEs

  15. Freeze & Surrender Fight or Flight

  16. Complex Childhood Trauma • Behaviors • Aggression • Disproportionate Reactiveness • Impulsivity • Distractibility • Withdrawal and Avoidance • Three or More Traumatic Events • Two-and-half times more likely to repeat a grade than are children who • have experienced none • Five times more likely to have severe attendance issues • Six times more likely to experience behavioral problems • More than twice as likely to be suspended from school

  17. 30 Day Prevalence of Daily Use of Cigarettes, by Grade, 1975-2013

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