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Carnot Cycle for Scientific Design of Watt Engine

Carnot Cycle for Scientific Design of Watt Engine. P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department. Model for A Scientific Design of PGS. Carnot’s Model for Power Generation System. Expansion work. Carnot’s Identification of Thermodynamic Cycle for Watts Engine.

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Carnot Cycle for Scientific Design of Watt Engine

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  1. Carnot Cycle for Scientific Design of Watt Engine P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Model for A Scientific Design of PGS

  2. Carnot’s Model for Power Generation System Expansion work

  3. Carnot’s Identification of Thermodynamic Cycle for Watts Engine Burn Coal (to add Heat slowly) The Work (Move piston slowly) Ability to perform Wastage or Ecological Nuisance

  4. Carnot’s Model for Power Cycle s 1 – 2 : Compressor : Isentropic Compression : s2 = s1 2 – 3 : Boiler: Isothermal Heating : T3 = T2 3 – 4 : Turbines : Isentropic Expansion : s4 = s3 4 – 1 : Condenser: Isothermal Cooling : T1 = T4

  5. Air Standard Carnot Cycle 2 3 1 4 Practice on your own……

  6. First Law for A Control Volume • Conservation of mass: • Conservation of momentum: • Conservation of energy:

  7. Compressor : Isentropic Process SSSF: Conservation of mass First Law : No heat transfer during compression.

  8. 2 – 3 : (Fire Tube) Boiler for Isothermal Steam Generation No work transfer in boiler QCV 3 2

  9. Identification of Carnot’s High Temperature for Isothermal Steam Generation, T3 = T2 = Thigh For reversible constant Pressure & Temperature Process

  10. 3 T 4 Expansion : Adiabatic Process : No wastage Avoid heat transfer during expansion. Ideally zero….

  11. 4 – 1 : Condenser : Isothermal Cooling : T1 = T4 QCV 4 1 No work transfer in condenser

  12. Analysis of Cycle First law for a cycle: For reversible adiabatic expansion and pumping: Rate of Heat addition

  13. Cost to Benefit Ratio Analysis of James Watt Engine using Carnot’s Model for Cycle Work done per unit volume of the engine: Mean Effective Pressure

  14. Engineering of Carnot Cycle Isotherms

  15. Use of Carnot Model for Optimization of Power Plant Minimize the capital & running costs. Compact and efficient.

  16. Selection of A Perspective for Description of Scientific PGS René DescartesAcademic, Philosopher, Mathematician, Scientist (1596–1650) • Discourse on; • The Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences. • Published in 1637.

  17. Geometrical Route to Define A Naturally Feasible Cycle for A PGS y x

  18. n=0 n=0.5 0 < n < 0.5 Lame’s Curve

  19. Natural Power Generation Cycle p V

  20. Natural Power Generation Cycle Tmax T Tmin Smax Smin S

  21. Natural Power Generation Cycle Tmax T Tmin Smin Smax S

  22. Net work out put : Computation of Cyclic Energy Interactions • Heat Input :

  23. Cost to Benefit Analysis of Natural Cycle Efficiency

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