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Introduction to Solutions and Mixtures: Study for Review

Enhance your understanding of solutions and mixtures with this comprehensive study material. Dive into concepts of solutes, solvents, types of solutions, and factors affecting dissolving. Test your knowledge with quizzes and graphing assignments. Learn about acids, bases, and salts, and identify common household examples. Practice problem-solving and engage with interactive content to solidify your knowledge.

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Introduction to Solutions and Mixtures: Study for Review

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  1. Solution Unit TEST Friday March the 21st

  2. WOD and Video Quizzes

  3. Introduction Video • Take Notes • Quiz to Follow

  4. Activator – answer in your notebooks. • The solution to your lunchtime hunger may be a mixture. There are different kinds of mixtures – some are the same throughout, while others are mixed unevenly. This picture shows a few of both kinds of mixtures. • Which items in this picture are the same throughout? Which are unevenly mixed? • Do you think the salad is the same kind of mixture as the grape juice? Why or why not?

  5. SPS6: Students will investigate the properties of solutions. Describe solutions in terms of solute and solvent. EQ: How do different solutes with in solvents affect the behavior of a solution.

  6. Label each flap with the following:

  7. A solution is a homogenous mixture in a single phase. • salt water, air steel, & tea

  8. Types of solutions…. • Gas in gas oxygen in nitrogen • Gas in liquid CO2 in water • Liquid in liquid alcohol in cola • Liquid in solid mercury in silver • Solid in liquid sugar in Kool aid • Solid in solid gold in nickel

  9. Look alikes…. • Suspension: a mixture that looks homogeneous but settles over time. • muddy water, blood & oil and vinegar

  10. Look Alikes…. • Colloids: mixtures with very small particles that permanently float. • Example: milk, shaving cream, jello, clouds, smoke

  11. Parts of a Solution… • Solute- substance that is dissolved • Solvent- substance that does the dissolving.

  12. Identify the solute and solvent

  13. Identify the solute and solvent GAS BUBBLES

  14. Universal Solvent = Water = aqueous

  15. Electrolyte – solute that allows solution to conduct electricity NaCl in aqueous solution Non-electrolyte – solute does not allow solution to conduct electricity Sugar in aqueous solution Types of solutes

  16. Factors Affecting Dissolving • Size of solute particles • Temperature of solvent • Agitation of solution • Solubility of solute

  17. Solubility – the amt of solute that can dissolve in a solvent (100 mL of water)

  18. Super-saturated Solution :Above the line To much solute, No more of the solute will be dissolved. X Saturated Solution: On the line Perfect ration of solute to solvent. X Un-saturated Solution: Under the line Not enough solute, if more solute is added it can still be dissolved. X

  19. Have out work sheet from yesterday. • Make sure the last 4 questions are complete. • Keep in mind: • Super = above the line • Saturated = on the line • Under = under the line

  20. Practice Problem 1. Which compound is the most soluble at 40 degrees? 2. Which solute’s solubility changes the least as temperature increases? 3. How many grams of potassium bromide will dissolve in 100 g of water at 70 degrees?

  21. Examine the solubility curve and decide if the following solutions would be saturated, unsaturated or supersaturated? 1. 200 g of NaClO3 at 20 degrees 2. 40 g of salt at 60 degrees 3. 55 g of potassium bromide at 100 degrees 4.At what temperature would a solution of 100 g of KNO3 in 100 g of water be considered unsaturated?

  22. Now Complete the Graphing Assignment. • Make the graph – LINE GRAPH, with a key (3 lines). • Extra graph paper provided if you mess up first graph – BUT, keep original for the data and questions portion. • Answer the question in complete sentences – extra paper provided if needed. • Staple all sheets together and turn in.

  23. Names for Compounds • 1. • Salt = NaCl • You pick answer • You pick answer • NH4Cl = Ammonium Chloride • KNO3 = Potassium Nitrate • KI = Potassium Iodide g) Match the compound with the symbol.

  24. Acids, Bases, and Salts Get out your GRAY STUDENT LEARNING MAP and complete this! The strength of an Acid or Base Depends on the degree in which a 1. acid 4. Base produce produce Hydroxide atoms 2. Hydrogen ions In solution which are In solution which are 5. Negative 3. Positive and combine to form 6. Salt

  25. SPS6: • D. Compare and contrast the components and properties of acids and bases. • E. Determine whether common household substances are acidic or basic. • EQ: How are acids and bases different; what are some common household examples?

  26. Activator • Many foods contain acids. For example, vinegar is a solution of acetic acid that has been used for centuries to preserve food. Some foods are more acidic, while others are less. Many acids have a sour taste. • LIST ANY 5 FOOD/DRINKS that you think are acidic.

  27. Acids – substances that causes an increase in H+ ions in an aqueous solutionRelease

  28. Characteristics of Acids • liquids • sour taste • solutions conduct electricity • react with metals

  29. Examples of Acids HCl - Hydrochloric acid H3BO3 - Boric Acid H2SO4 - Sulfuric Acid Acetic acid - vinegar Citric acid - lemons, limes

  30. Bases (alkaline) – substances that cause a decrease in H+ ions in an aqueous solutionAbsorbing

  31. Characteristics of Bases • solids • bitter taste • solutions feel slippery • do not conduct electricity • do not react with metals

  32. Examples of Bases NaOH - sodium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 - calcium hydroxide NH3OH - ammonium hydroxide Soaps (lye), shampoos, “Drain-O”

  33. Physical Science Name __________________________ Date _________ Period __________

  34. Soda Black Coffee Baking Soda Battery Acid Drain Cleaner Lemonade Pure Water Tomato Juice Bleach Soapy Water

  35. Brain Pop on pH scale • http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/phscale/

  36. pH Scale - measures [H+]

  37. Phenolphthalein – chemical that turns bright pink in bases but no change in acids Indicators - chemicals that change color in solns of different pH

  38. Which pH indicator is the most specific? • pH paper

  39. Litmus Paper • When you think • Acid = Red • Bases = Blue • So, when using the litmus paper use the opposite color. • You want the paper to turn the color you associate the solution with.

  40. Unit 8: Solutions Test Format • 25 multiple choice • Test Review Sheet will be posted on Ms. Weis webpage on MCA site. • Check your answers.

  41. Lab TIME – copy this onto white paper! 1 2 3 4 5 Lemon Juice A B C Vine-gar HCl Distilled Water NaOH Lysol Milk Coke

  42. Neutralization Reactions • Neutralization reaction - mixture of acid and base in correct proportions . • Forms a neutral solution of water and a salt • Example: HCl + NaOH -- NaCl + H2O • Titration: add acid/base drop by drop until end point is reached

  43. http://tinyurl.com/72topdc

  44. 6.7 pH Milk 2.5 pH Sports Drinks 6 pH Beauty Products Make a poster. Pick (5) pictures that represent the topics of this unit. Label the pictures with a WORD or PHRASE as to why you picked it.

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